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[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
This insight follows panel discussions at SMM’s London H1 2026 seminar, where one theme stood out clearly: funds are trumping fundamentals in today’s copper market. At first glance, the setup looks contradictory. There is no clear physical shortage of copper: near-term time spreads are in contango, signalling adequate supply; SMM forecasts a small global refined surplus in 2026; global exchange stocks are rising. On traditional metrics, prices should be softer. Yet LME copper remains elevated at around $13,000/t. This leads us to believe that copper is no longer trading purely on market fundamentals. So What Is Driving Copper Higher? Financial flows dominate price formation Speculative inflows since the middle of last year have played a key role in pushing copper higher. The recent rally following the initial shock of the US-Iran war is no exception. While some capital has rotated into energy markets recently, inflows into copper and broader commodities have remained resilient, supported by macro funds and systematic positioning. Momentum-driven strategies (CTAs, macro funds) have reinforced upside moves, especially during periods of positive price signals and cross-asset risk appetite. This can be seen from the bottom right hand-side chart which shows speculative positions from the LME’s Commitment of Traders Report (COTR). There has also been selective physical support, particularly from China, where downstream buying and restocking have contributed to declining local inventories at times. However, this physical demand has been opportunistic rather than structural, and insufficient on its own to explain the persistence of elevated prices. Overall, barring the initial geopolitical shock, copper price strength has been largely investor-led rather than consumer-led, with financial capital remaining the dominant marginal driver of price formation. A persistent geopolitical premium Supply risks remain elevated across key producing regions; energy and input cost volatility (e.g. sulphuric acid and diesel) adds uncertainty to production; trade fragmentation and resource nationalism are reshaping supply chains; copper is increasingly priced as a strategic resource, not just a commodity. Policy distortions — particularly from the US Tariff expectations and US government policy aimed at securing domestic supply chains — including potential import tariffs on copper, incentives for local processing, and broader reshoring of manufacturing — have triggered regional stockpiling. This has tightened availability ex-US and distorted global trade flows, as material is increasingly drawn into the US market. In effect, policy is creating artificial tightness in specific regions, even as the global market remains broadly balanced. Structural narrative outweighs current balance Electrification, grid expansion, and AI infrastructure continue to anchor long-term demand; supply constraints (declining ore grades, permitting delays) remain unresolved. As such, the market is pricing future deficits today, not current surplus. Why Surplus Does Not Equal Lower Prices The key misunderstanding in today’s market is treating copper like a static balance sheet. The surplus is marginal and unevenly distributed. Inventories are not necessarily located where demand is strongest. The market reacts to marginal tightness and risk, not annual average. Most importantly, copper is a forward-looking asset — it prices sentiment and expectations, not just spot fundamentals. How Traders Think About Copper Now Copper price formation has evolved into a multi‑layered system according to our panellists: Price = Fundamentals + Financial Flows + Macro + Narrative By this, we mean that copper prices are driven by four interacting components — Fundamentals, Financial Flows, Macro, and Narrative — and traders now analyse each layer in more depth to anticipate price direction. They: Watch financial conditions — positioning, flows, momentum, correlations Traders look at who holds risk, how strong the flows are, and whether momentum is building or fading. Cross‑asset signals — especially from US equities and major commodity indices — show whether copper is trading as part of a broader risk‑on move or reacting to something more specific. Track macro drivers — interest rates, policy, USD, liquidity Copper reacts quickly to shifts in US real yields, Fed expectations, and the strength of the dollar. Easier financial conditions or a weaker USD can lift prices even when demand is soft. Global liquidity trends, including China’s credit cycle, influence how much speculative capital enters the market. Monitor policy and geopolitics — tariffs, sanctions, trade flows, disruptions Policy decisions now move copper as much as fundamentals. Tariffs, sanctions, and export controls reshape trade flows and create regional imbalances. Geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions — from strikes to permitting delays — reinforce the market’s focus on future scarcity. Stay grounded in physical stress points — inventories, premiums, scrap Headline stocks matter less than where the metal sits. Traders watch regional inventory tightness, premiums, treatment charges, and scrap availability to understand real physical stress. These signals reveal whether the market is genuinely tight or simply trading a narrative. The consensus is that as long as capital flows remain strong, geopolitical risks persist, and the market prices future scarcity, copper can stay elevated — even in surplus. Where Next for Copper? As for immediate near-term dynamics, the copper market is treading water, increasingly driven by headline risk. Recent price action has been closely tied to developments around the Iran crisis, highlighting just how far copper has shifted into the macro arena. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz presents a two-sided risk for copper: On the bullish side , the Gulf is a major exporter of sulphur, a critical input for sulphuric acid used in leaching processes. With solvent extraction and electrowinning accounting for roughly a quarter of global refined output, continued disruptions to acid supply could tighten production, particularly in the DRC, and support prices. On the bearish side , higher energy prices risk triggering a broader slowdown in global manufacturing, weakening copper demand. The longer the disruptions persist, the greater the downside risk to consumption. With investors firmly in control of price formation, copper has effectively become part of a multi-asset macro trade on the trajectory of the Iran conflict. In this environment, both bulls and bears are less anchored to supply-demand balances and more dependent on the next geopolitical headline. Author: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst For more information or to discuss market dynamics, you can contact me on shairazahmed@smm.cn
May 6, 2026 00:08
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
The 2026 SMM London H1 Seminar concluded on April 29 with great success, bringing together global metals and commodities leaders for a day of high-level dialogue and actionable insights. The seminar drew over 160 valid pre-registrations and more than 100 on-site attendees, gathering core practitioners, senior experts, research scholars and institutional representatives across the global non-ferrous metals industrial chain. Centered on copper, aluminum, lead and zinc, the event delivered in-depth insights into current industry performance, supply-demand shifts and future market outlooks. It also featured two high-level panel sessions with distinguished guests, who exchanged views on key industry highlights such as geopolitical impacts, global trade restructuring, cross-market arbitrage and divergent commodity fundamentals. The event comprehensively reviewed the macro backdrop of commodities as well as opportunities and risks in base metals, offering professional references and forward-looking insights for global non-ferrous market participants. SMM Industry Analysis: Copper, Aluminum, Nickel, Lead & Zinc Geopolitics and Metals: Pricing the New Global Risk Premium How rising geopolitical tensions are reshaping global supply chains, macro risk, and base metal price formation. Dr. Yanchen Wang, Managing Director of SMM Global UK Ltd., provided analysis on macro trends and the aluminum and nickel markets. From a macro perspective, he noted that global economic uncertainty has intensified, with the IMF cutting global GDP growth forecast. China's exports may serve as a key economic pillar in 2026. Power sector investment increased significantly from January to February 2026. The State Grid Corporation of China will ramp up investment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. In terms of the aluminum market, Chinese smelters saw improved profitability and higher operating rates. Weak demand in Q1 combined with rising aluminum prices drove inventory to rise. Outside China, new aluminum capacity additions in Indonesia in 2026 are expected to be substantial, with SMM estimating approximately 950,000 mt of new aluminum smelting capacity potentially coming online in Indonesia in 2026. Angola is attracting Chinese investment thanks to its hydropower advantages. In the nickel market, given the Indonesian government's tightening of quotas, SMM estimates Indonesia's RKAB supplementary quotas this year at approximately 15%-20%. In terms of supply outside China, constrained by a lack of new projects, imports from the Philippines are expected to remain at around 19 million mt. Considering the impact of the rainy season on production, the market is expected to maintain a tight balance. Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst & Client Advisor at SMM, shared insights on the global copper market. He noted that global copper cathode demand will continue to grow from 2025 to 2030, with demand potentially reaching around 32 million mt by 2030 in an optimistic scenario. China's copper concentrates still rely on imports, and global copper concentrates supply will remain tight from 2026 to 2028, with the downward trend in spot TC not yet over. Meanwhile, global copper cathode production growth will slow down in the future, and the market will most likely fall into a supply deficit from 2027 to 2030, providing long-term support for copper prices. Yueang He, Senior Lead & Zinc Analyst at SMM, interpreted the lead-zinc market trends for 2026. Looking at the global zinc concentrates market in 2026, he stated that although production in China, Africa, and some projects continues to ramp up, production cuts at large mines are suppressing overall supply, with China's zinc concentrates production estimated to be up 4.8% YoY to 3.95 million mt in 2026; European smelting, affected by electricity prices fluctuations, may see selective minor production cuts of 60,000-100,000 mt. Overall, the zinc concentrates market in and outside China will maintain a tight balance in 2026, with refined zinc showing a surplus in China and a deficit ex-China. In terms of lead market, he stated that global lead mine supply is gradually recovering, but the concentrates market remains tight, and TC is unlikely to rebound significantly in the short term. He estimates that the loose supply situation in the global refined lead market will persist until 2028, with high visible inventory on both exchanges combined with slightly soft battery demand in China limiting the upside room for lead prices. Panel Session — Positioning and Price Signals: What Are Commodity Markets Telling Us? Understanding market positioning, inventory signals, and cross-market arbitrage. Moderator: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Analyst & Client Advisor at SMM Panelists: David Lilley, Director and Co-CIO at Drakewood Capital Management Limited Maruis Van Straaten, Metals Research Analyst at Squarepoint Gregory Shearer, Head of Base Metals and Precious Metals Strategy at J.P. Morgan Loic Jonchery, Base Metals Trader at Gunvor The panelists focused on current mainstream cross-market arbitrage strategies, emphasizing the need to closely track premiums and futures price spreads across various commodities, while comparing price spread performance across upstream and downstream categories such as cathode materials, scrap, and intermediate products, leveraging signals to identify arbitrage opportunities. The current market is subject to multiple influences including policy constraints, supply adjustments, and changes in industry rules, with the overall landscape becoming increasingly fragmented. China's policies have imposed a supply ceiling, compounded by industry framework adjustments and lengthy implementation cycles, keeping small and medium-sized enterprise operations and the supply side persistently tight, increasing market friction, and creating significant uncertainty in arbitrage trading. In this complex environment, price spread fluctuations have amplified and ranges continued to widen, with enhanced trend continuity in underlying markets; combined with cross-regional approval processes and circulation restrictions, traditional arbitrage logic has broken down and trade execution difficulty has increased. At the sub-sector level, the copper market attracted high attention, while structural distortions in nickel and other categories became prominent, making conventional arbitrage and sales models difficult to execute consistently; quality arbitrage opportunities concentrated among entities with balance sheet advantages, while ordinary participants became more cautious in decision-making, with overall trading behavior turning more conservative. Overall, the guests believed that there is no universally applicable, low-risk cross-market arbitrage strategy in the current market. Logic across different sub-markets has diverged significantly, and conducting related trades requires thorough assessment of policy, circulation, and fundamental risks. Panel Session: Superpowers and the Battle for Base Metals Moderator: Dr. Yanchen Wang, Managing Director of SMM Global UK Ltd. Panelists: Natalie Scott-Gray, Senior Metals Analyst, Middle East, North Africa and Asia, StoneX Max Layton, Global Head of Commodities Strategy, Citi Helen Amos, Managing Director and Commodities Analyst, BMO Capital Markets Amy Gower, Executive Director, Head of Metals and Mining Commodities Strategy, Morgan Stanley Amy Gower stated that since H2 last year, they have held a structurally bullish view on aluminum fundamentals: China's aluminum capacity is approaching its ceiling, and combined with expectations of incremental supply from Indonesia, the bullish logic for the aluminum industry is concentrated in H2. Currently, supply-side tightening in the aluminum market has gradually materialized, but the tightness has not been fully reflected in futures prices, and is instead more evident in strengthening spot premiums. Year-to-date, three-month aluminum has risen 18%, with European spot premiums at 27%. In addition, the guests noted that due to geopolitical factors, countries are increasingly prioritizing self-sufficiency and controllability of critical material supply chains, rather than relying on globalized supply allocation. Combined with various policy interventions, the previously freely flowing global commodities market is gradually moving toward regionalization and localized fragmentation. On the trade front, markets have become more unpredictable, and understanding the market is crucial. Some guests mentioned that interest rate trajectory is a key variable, and they expect that after interest rates decline from 2027 to 2028, supply-demand and inventory dynamics will further materialize. Meanwhile, upgraded supply chain governance and the normalization of strategic reserves across countries will provide long-term support for commodities price resilience. Session 4: How Do SMM Data and Information Products Empower Commodities Decision-Makers? As a globally renowned non-ferrous metals price assessment platform, Shanghai Metals Market (SMM) is committed to providing superior data to clients worldwide, empowering them to make more precise decisions. SMM understands that in a complex and ever-changing market environment, accurate and timely data is the key to success. To this end, SMM has built a comprehensive data platform covering multiple metals including copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, and nickel. Taking the copper market as an example, the SMM database covers the entire industry chain from mines, smelting, trading, and inventory to downstream demand, offering over 10,000 key indicators across sub-categories such as copper cathode, copper scrap, copper concentrates, copper anode, and sulphuric acid, including real-time spot prices, futures data, supply-demand balance tables, operating rates, and social inventory, comprehensively meeting clients' analytical needs. To make data access simpler and more convenient, SMM launched the SMM Excel Add-in. Users need no programming or API knowledge to browse, select, and sync massive amounts of data with a single click within the familiar Excel environment. In addition to easy-to-use data tools, SMM also offers professional price membership services and in-depth market analysis reports. Whether you are a trader who needs real-time price references, an analyst who relies on granular data to build models, or an enterprise manager seeking market insights, you can find the right solution at SMM. Coffee Break and Networking With this, the 2026 SMM H1 London Seminar has come to a successful conclusion. SMM sincerely appreciates the strong support from all industry peers and partners.
May 7, 2026 16:36
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
On April 9, 2026, the Japanese Cabinet officially approved the latest amendment to the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Act (commonly known as the "Waste Cleansing Act"). The core of the amendment is to upgrade metal recycling operations from a notification system to a permit system, and to impose a new obligation requiring confirmation from the Minister of the Environment for scrap metal exports.
May 1, 2026 10:27
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
In an increasingly fragmented global economy, gold is massively gaining focus as a neutral reserve asset. According to Deutsche Bank’s assessment, the precious metal is one of the main beneficiaries of global de-dollarization, even though the gold price is currently weakening.
May 6, 2026 14:21
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
Indonesian state-owned steel giant PT Krakatau Steel (Persero) Tbk (IDX: KRAS, hereinafter referred to as "Krakatau") released its 2025 consolidated financial statements on March 31, 2026. On the surface, the company recorded a net profit of 339.6 million USD (approximately 5.68 trillion IDR), its best performance since 2019. However, unpacking the core steel business reveals that the steel segment's operating loss in 2025 actually widened from 40.79 million USD in 2024 to 102.5 million USD.
May 8, 2026 12:45

Latest News

GAC Affiliate Targets GWh-Scale Production of Solid-State Batteries by End-2026
According to Interesting Engineering, Greater Bay Technology, an advanced technology subsidiary of GAC Group, announced on April 15 (local time) that it has completed production of A-sample (early prototype) cells for fully solid-state batteries with an energy density of 260–500 Wh/kg. The company plans to begin GWh-scale mass production by the end of 2026.
Apr 21, 2026 10:14
March Phosphate Ore Imports 182kt, Up 88.2% MoM; Jordan Halts Exports
March Phosphate Ore Imports 182kt, Up 88.2% MoM; Jordan Halts Exports
In March 2026, China’s phosphate ore imports reached 182,000 mt, up 88.2% MoM and 144.4% YoY, with an average price of $79.9/mt, down 7.2% MoM.Affected by Strait of Hormuz disruptions, Jordan halted supplies for the first time since September 2023. Imports mainly came from Egypt (170,000 mt) and Pakistan (12,000 mt), through Guangxi, Hubei and Fujian.
Apr 20, 2026 14:07
[Solid-State: Gotion Holding's 20,000-Ton Solid-State Battery Key Material Project Lands In Anhui]
On the morning of April 18, the signing ceremony for Gotion Holding's 20,000-ton-per-year solid-state battery key material project was held in Anqing City, Anhui Province. The project has officially settled in Daguan District, marking the world's first industrial-scale project for solid-state battery key materials. It will build a 20,000-ton material base integrating research, development, and production. The production line is expected to be completed and operational next year.
Apr 20, 2026 13:52
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Key takeaways: Rapid growth: LFP cathode materials (+60%), iron phosphate (+67%), and LiPF6 (+38%) saw significant production expansion, reflecting strong demand from power batteries and energy storage. New-type materials such as LMFP and composite sodium iron phosphate grew by over 90%, entering the commercialisation phase.
Apr 15, 2026 15:41
Expert Insights: Opportunities & Challenges Unveiled at CLNB 2026 Solid-State Battery Conference
The CLNB 2026 Solid-State Battery Conference was held in Suzhou in April, where experts reached a consensus that 2026-2030 will be a critical period for industrialisation. The conference focused on breakthroughs in technology pathways such as oxide and sulphide, elaborating on progress in mass production of lithium sulphide, innovations in high-specific-energy cathodes, and upgrades in equipment and processes.
Apr 13, 2026 14:37
Drivers of Iron Phosphate Price Rise in April: Cost Push or Supply-Demand Restructuring?
Drivers of Iron Phosphate Price Rise in April: Cost Push or Supply-Demand Restructuring?
Iron phosphate negotiations in April were deadlocked, with offers hitting 13,000 yuan/mt. The price surge appeared raw-material driven, but in fact reflected pricing power shifting upstream after a reversal in supply-demand fundamentals. Downstream buyers cited “cost increases” to push back, yet conveniently forgot the upstream losses quietly absorbed over the past three years. This was never about simple cost pass-through—it was a restructuring of profit distribution across the chain.
Apr 2, 2026 07:22
Hoypower Completes Hundreds Of Millions Of Yuan In Series A+ Financing
Recently, Shenzhen Hoypower Technology Co., Ltd. announced the completion of a Series A+ financing round worth hundreds of millions of yuan. Since the mass production of its solid-state batteries, Hoypower's revenue scale has achieved a compound annual growth rate exceeding 100%, with cumulative shipments surpassing 100 million units. Its large-scale delivery capabilities have been highly recognized by leading customers. Hoypower has successfully achieved key technological breakthroughs in solid-state batteries, including silicon-based anode systems with an energy density ≥400Wh/kg and lithium metal anode systems with an energy density ≥500Wh/kg. These advancements can meet the demands of low-altitude economy unmanned aerial vehicles for high safety and long endurance.
Mar 27, 2026 14:18
Solid-State Battery Product Launches by Major Manufacturers Had Already Materialized
This week (March 13, 2026–March 19, 2026), multiple enterprises in the solid-state battery sector were active: Dali Times commenced construction of a 2 GWh specialized semi-solid-state battery base; EVE’s Longquan Phase III/IV all-solid-state batteries rolled off the line in Chengdu; Chery released its 600 Wh/kg Rhino all-solid-state battery technology。
Mar 19, 2026 15:20
Rhino All-Solid-State Battery, Sprinting Toward 600 Wh/kg: Chery Battery Night Revealed Its Solid-State Battery Strategy
On the evening of March 18, 2026, at Chery Automobile Battery Night 2026 in Wuhu, Anhui, Chery unveiled its Rhino all-solid-state battery technology. It had completed the development and pilot production of a 60Ah, 400Wh/kg all-solid-state battery cell and was advancing toward an ultra-high energy density of 600Wh/kg.
Mar 19, 2026 14:08
2026 Two Sessions: Solid-State Batteries“Five-Pronged Effort” to Break Through the “Last Mile” of Industrialisation
Solid-state batteries were a hot topic at the 2026 Two Sessions, where delegates noted that the industry is at a critical inflection point, moving from “samples” to “products.”
Mar 17, 2026 14:10
Academician Ouyang Minggao’s Latest Views as a Solid-State Battery Expert Scale-Up in 2030, Consumers “Need Not Wait”
Ouyang Minggao pointed out that large-scale mass production of all-solid-state batteries will still require 3–5 years, with test vehicles expected to appear by the end of 2026. Sulphide electrolyte has fallen from 20 million/mt to the million-level range. However, he stressed that the technical difficulty is extremely high and advised consumers that they “need not wait,” as LFP batteries remain the “ballast stone” at present.
Mar 16, 2026 14:49
Technological Breakthroughs and Policy Solutions Solid-State Battery Industrialisation Into the "Deep Water Zone"
This week,the solid-state battery industry showed a dual-engine momentum driven by "intensive breakthroughs on the technology front and targeted solutions on the policy front." CATL disclosed a sulphide patent, Zhongkeyuanben's 20Ah all-solid-state battery passed third-party detection, and Dreame Technology released a 450Wh/kg product; Guangdong took the lead in incorporating diversified solid-state battery technology routes and eVTOL scenarios into provincial-level action plans.
Mar 12, 2026 16:29
Solid-State Battery  202602: Rumors of Testing ; Multiple Enterprises Rapidly Rolled Out Pilot-Scale Validation
Solid-State Battery 202602: Rumors of Testing ; Multiple Enterprises Rapidly Rolled Out Pilot-Scale Validation
In February 2026, the solid-state battery industry accelerated its transition from pilot-scale trials to mass production, with sulphide electrolytes becoming the primary technological focus, and the national standard set to be released in July. Pilot lines such as those of Guoci Materials and Xinjie Energy were commissioned in rapid succession; 500 Wh/kg high-energy-density products were released one after another, and demand for dry-process electrode equipment surged.
Mar 3, 2026 17:07
Diverging Solid-State Battery R&D vs. Capacity Commercialization
This week (February 27, 2026–March 5), more players entered the solid-state battery industry, with various parties “riding” the hype: Sunstone Development and TONZE stated that their sulphide projects were still in the early R&D stage; QingTao’s Wuhai 2 billion yuan project released its EIA public notice, and a 3.5 GWh production line in Taizhou commenced operations; Suzuki acquired Kanadevia’s solid-state battery business
Feb 27, 2026 13:29
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
This insight follows panel discussions at SMM’s London H1 2026 seminar, where one theme stood out clearly: funds are trumping fundamentals in today’s copper market. At first glance, the setup looks contradictory. There is no clear physical shortage of copper: near-term time spreads are in contango, signalling adequate supply; SMM forecasts a small global refined surplus in 2026; global exchange stocks are rising. On traditional metrics, prices should be softer. Yet LME copper remains elevated at around $13,000/t. This leads us to believe that copper is no longer trading purely on market fundamentals. So What Is Driving Copper Higher? Financial flows dominate price formation Speculative inflows since the middle of last year have played a key role in pushing copper higher. The recent rally following the initial shock of the US-Iran war is no exception. While some capital has rotated into energy markets recently, inflows into copper and broader commodities have remained resilient, supported by macro funds and systematic positioning. Momentum-driven strategies (CTAs, macro funds) have reinforced upside moves, especially during periods of positive price signals and cross-asset risk appetite. This can be seen from the bottom right hand-side chart which shows speculative positions from the LME’s Commitment of Traders Report (COTR). There has also been selective physical support, particularly from China, where downstream buying and restocking have contributed to declining local inventories at times. However, this physical demand has been opportunistic rather than structural, and insufficient on its own to explain the persistence of elevated prices. Overall, barring the initial geopolitical shock, copper price strength has been largely investor-led rather than consumer-led, with financial capital remaining the dominant marginal driver of price formation. A persistent geopolitical premium Supply risks remain elevated across key producing regions; energy and input cost volatility (e.g. sulphuric acid and diesel) adds uncertainty to production; trade fragmentation and resource nationalism are reshaping supply chains; copper is increasingly priced as a strategic resource, not just a commodity. Policy distortions — particularly from the US Tariff expectations and US government policy aimed at securing domestic supply chains — including potential import tariffs on copper, incentives for local processing, and broader reshoring of manufacturing — have triggered regional stockpiling. This has tightened availability ex-US and distorted global trade flows, as material is increasingly drawn into the US market. In effect, policy is creating artificial tightness in specific regions, even as the global market remains broadly balanced. Structural narrative outweighs current balance Electrification, grid expansion, and AI infrastructure continue to anchor long-term demand; supply constraints (declining ore grades, permitting delays) remain unresolved. As such, the market is pricing future deficits today, not current surplus. Why Surplus Does Not Equal Lower Prices The key misunderstanding in today’s market is treating copper like a static balance sheet. The surplus is marginal and unevenly distributed. Inventories are not necessarily located where demand is strongest. The market reacts to marginal tightness and risk, not annual average. Most importantly, copper is a forward-looking asset — it prices sentiment and expectations, not just spot fundamentals. How Traders Think About Copper Now Copper price formation has evolved into a multi‑layered system according to our panellists: Price = Fundamentals + Financial Flows + Macro + Narrative By this, we mean that copper prices are driven by four interacting components — Fundamentals, Financial Flows, Macro, and Narrative — and traders now analyse each layer in more depth to anticipate price direction. They: Watch financial conditions — positioning, flows, momentum, correlations Traders look at who holds risk, how strong the flows are, and whether momentum is building or fading. Cross‑asset signals — especially from US equities and major commodity indices — show whether copper is trading as part of a broader risk‑on move or reacting to something more specific. Track macro drivers — interest rates, policy, USD, liquidity Copper reacts quickly to shifts in US real yields, Fed expectations, and the strength of the dollar. Easier financial conditions or a weaker USD can lift prices even when demand is soft. Global liquidity trends, including China’s credit cycle, influence how much speculative capital enters the market. Monitor policy and geopolitics — tariffs, sanctions, trade flows, disruptions Policy decisions now move copper as much as fundamentals. Tariffs, sanctions, and export controls reshape trade flows and create regional imbalances. Geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions — from strikes to permitting delays — reinforce the market’s focus on future scarcity. Stay grounded in physical stress points — inventories, premiums, scrap Headline stocks matter less than where the metal sits. Traders watch regional inventory tightness, premiums, treatment charges, and scrap availability to understand real physical stress. These signals reveal whether the market is genuinely tight or simply trading a narrative. The consensus is that as long as capital flows remain strong, geopolitical risks persist, and the market prices future scarcity, copper can stay elevated — even in surplus. Where Next for Copper? As for immediate near-term dynamics, the copper market is treading water, increasingly driven by headline risk. Recent price action has been closely tied to developments around the Iran crisis, highlighting just how far copper has shifted into the macro arena. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz presents a two-sided risk for copper: On the bullish side , the Gulf is a major exporter of sulphur, a critical input for sulphuric acid used in leaching processes. With solvent extraction and electrowinning accounting for roughly a quarter of global refined output, continued disruptions to acid supply could tighten production, particularly in the DRC, and support prices. On the bearish side , higher energy prices risk triggering a broader slowdown in global manufacturing, weakening copper demand. The longer the disruptions persist, the greater the downside risk to consumption. With investors firmly in control of price formation, copper has effectively become part of a multi-asset macro trade on the trajectory of the Iran conflict. In this environment, both bulls and bears are less anchored to supply-demand balances and more dependent on the next geopolitical headline. Author: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst For more information or to discuss market dynamics, you can contact me on shairazahmed@smm.cn
May 6, 2026 00:08
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
May 7, 2026 16:36
[SMM Analysis] The April turn: how Chinese stainless mills came around to higher NPI prices
[SMM Analysis] The April turn: how Chinese stainless mills came around to higher NPI prices
May 4, 2026 17:02
China's Crackdown on "Invoice Economy" Rattles Zinc Trading Market
China's Crackdown on "Invoice Economy" Rattles Zinc Trading Market
May 6, 2026 17:44
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
May 1, 2026 10:27
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
May 6, 2026 14:21
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
May 8, 2026 12:45
Latest News
Phosphorus Chemicals: Resources Rule, Divergence Widens
Phosphorus Chemicals: Resources Rule, Divergence Widens
May 6, 2026 15:09
Solid-State Pilot Lines Commissioning; Lower Costs Accelerate Sulphide Industrialisation
Apr 23, 2026 14:53
CATL vs BYD: Battery Tech Peak Clash and Solid-State Progress
Apr 22, 2026 17:55
GAC Affiliate Targets GWh-Scale Production of Solid-State Batteries by End-2026
Apr 21, 2026 10:14
March Phosphate Ore Imports 182kt, Up 88.2% MoM; Jordan Halts Exports
March Phosphate Ore Imports 182kt, Up 88.2% MoM; Jordan Halts Exports
Apr 20, 2026 14:07
[Solid-State: Gotion Holding's 20,000-Ton Solid-State Battery Key Material Project Lands In Anhui]
Apr 20, 2026 13:52
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Apr 15, 2026 15:41
Expert Insights: Opportunities & Challenges Unveiled at CLNB 2026 Solid-State Battery Conference
Apr 13, 2026 14:37
Drivers of Iron Phosphate Price Rise in April: Cost Push or Supply-Demand Restructuring?
Drivers of Iron Phosphate Price Rise in April: Cost Push or Supply-Demand Restructuring?
Apr 2, 2026 07:22
Hoypower Completes Hundreds Of Millions Of Yuan In Series A+ Financing
Mar 27, 2026 14:18
Solid-State Battery Price Transmission and Commercialization Resonance
Mar 26, 2026 13:33
Battery Tech Peak Clash and Solid-State Progress
Mar 23, 2026 16:34
Solid-State Battery InterBattery2026: A "Three-Kingdom Melee" Unfolded, and Robots Became the New Battleground [SMM Analysis]
Mar 23, 2026 16:31
Solid-State Battery Product Launches by Major Manufacturers Had Already Materialized
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