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[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
This insight follows panel discussions at SMM’s London H1 2026 seminar, where one theme stood out clearly: funds are trumping fundamentals in today’s copper market. At first glance, the setup looks contradictory. There is no clear physical shortage of copper: near-term time spreads are in contango, signalling adequate supply; SMM forecasts a small global refined surplus in 2026; global exchange stocks are rising. On traditional metrics, prices should be softer. Yet LME copper remains elevated at around $13,000/t. This leads us to believe that copper is no longer trading purely on market fundamentals. So What Is Driving Copper Higher? Financial flows dominate price formation Speculative inflows since the middle of last year have played a key role in pushing copper higher. The recent rally following the initial shock of the US-Iran war is no exception. While some capital has rotated into energy markets recently, inflows into copper and broader commodities have remained resilient, supported by macro funds and systematic positioning. Momentum-driven strategies (CTAs, macro funds) have reinforced upside moves, especially during periods of positive price signals and cross-asset risk appetite. This can be seen from the bottom right hand-side chart which shows speculative positions from the LME’s Commitment of Traders Report (COTR). There has also been selective physical support, particularly from China, where downstream buying and restocking have contributed to declining local inventories at times. However, this physical demand has been opportunistic rather than structural, and insufficient on its own to explain the persistence of elevated prices. Overall, barring the initial geopolitical shock, copper price strength has been largely investor-led rather than consumer-led, with financial capital remaining the dominant marginal driver of price formation. A persistent geopolitical premium Supply risks remain elevated across key producing regions; energy and input cost volatility (e.g. sulphuric acid and diesel) adds uncertainty to production; trade fragmentation and resource nationalism are reshaping supply chains; copper is increasingly priced as a strategic resource, not just a commodity. Policy distortions — particularly from the US Tariff expectations and US government policy aimed at securing domestic supply chains — including potential import tariffs on copper, incentives for local processing, and broader reshoring of manufacturing — have triggered regional stockpiling. This has tightened availability ex-US and distorted global trade flows, as material is increasingly drawn into the US market. In effect, policy is creating artificial tightness in specific regions, even as the global market remains broadly balanced. Structural narrative outweighs current balance Electrification, grid expansion, and AI infrastructure continue to anchor long-term demand; supply constraints (declining ore grades, permitting delays) remain unresolved. As such, the market is pricing future deficits today, not current surplus. Why Surplus Does Not Equal Lower Prices The key misunderstanding in today’s market is treating copper like a static balance sheet. The surplus is marginal and unevenly distributed. Inventories are not necessarily located where demand is strongest. The market reacts to marginal tightness and risk, not annual average. Most importantly, copper is a forward-looking asset — it prices sentiment and expectations, not just spot fundamentals. How Traders Think About Copper Now Copper price formation has evolved into a multi‑layered system according to our panellists: Price = Fundamentals + Financial Flows + Macro + Narrative By this, we mean that copper prices are driven by four interacting components — Fundamentals, Financial Flows, Macro, and Narrative — and traders now analyse each layer in more depth to anticipate price direction. They: Watch financial conditions — positioning, flows, momentum, correlations Traders look at who holds risk, how strong the flows are, and whether momentum is building or fading. Cross‑asset signals — especially from US equities and major commodity indices — show whether copper is trading as part of a broader risk‑on move or reacting to something more specific. Track macro drivers — interest rates, policy, USD, liquidity Copper reacts quickly to shifts in US real yields, Fed expectations, and the strength of the dollar. Easier financial conditions or a weaker USD can lift prices even when demand is soft. Global liquidity trends, including China’s credit cycle, influence how much speculative capital enters the market. Monitor policy and geopolitics — tariffs, sanctions, trade flows, disruptions Policy decisions now move copper as much as fundamentals. Tariffs, sanctions, and export controls reshape trade flows and create regional imbalances. Geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions — from strikes to permitting delays — reinforce the market’s focus on future scarcity. Stay grounded in physical stress points — inventories, premiums, scrap Headline stocks matter less than where the metal sits. Traders watch regional inventory tightness, premiums, treatment charges, and scrap availability to understand real physical stress. These signals reveal whether the market is genuinely tight or simply trading a narrative. The consensus is that as long as capital flows remain strong, geopolitical risks persist, and the market prices future scarcity, copper can stay elevated — even in surplus. Where Next for Copper? As for immediate near-term dynamics, the copper market is treading water, increasingly driven by headline risk. Recent price action has been closely tied to developments around the Iran crisis, highlighting just how far copper has shifted into the macro arena. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz presents a two-sided risk for copper: On the bullish side , the Gulf is a major exporter of sulphur, a critical input for sulphuric acid used in leaching processes. With solvent extraction and electrowinning accounting for roughly a quarter of global refined output, continued disruptions to acid supply could tighten production, particularly in the DRC, and support prices. On the bearish side , higher energy prices risk triggering a broader slowdown in global manufacturing, weakening copper demand. The longer the disruptions persist, the greater the downside risk to consumption. With investors firmly in control of price formation, copper has effectively become part of a multi-asset macro trade on the trajectory of the Iran conflict. In this environment, both bulls and bears are less anchored to supply-demand balances and more dependent on the next geopolitical headline. Author: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst For more information or to discuss market dynamics, you can contact me on shairazahmed@smm.cn
May 6, 2026 00:08
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
The 2026 SMM London H1 Seminar concluded on April 29 with great success, bringing together global metals and commodities leaders for a day of high-level dialogue and actionable insights. The seminar drew over 160 valid pre-registrations and more than 100 on-site attendees, gathering core practitioners, senior experts, research scholars and institutional representatives across the global non-ferrous metals industrial chain. Centered on copper, aluminum, lead and zinc, the event delivered in-depth insights into current industry performance, supply-demand shifts and future market outlooks. It also featured two high-level panel sessions with distinguished guests, who exchanged views on key industry highlights such as geopolitical impacts, global trade restructuring, cross-market arbitrage and divergent commodity fundamentals. The event comprehensively reviewed the macro backdrop of commodities as well as opportunities and risks in base metals, offering professional references and forward-looking insights for global non-ferrous market participants. SMM Industry Analysis: Copper, Aluminum, Nickel, Lead & Zinc Geopolitics and Metals: Pricing the New Global Risk Premium How rising geopolitical tensions are reshaping global supply chains, macro risk, and base metal price formation. Dr. Yanchen Wang, Managing Director of SMM Global UK Ltd., provided analysis on macro trends and the aluminum and nickel markets. From a macro perspective, he noted that global economic uncertainty has intensified, with the IMF cutting global GDP growth forecast. China's exports may serve as a key economic pillar in 2026. Power sector investment increased significantly from January to February 2026. The State Grid Corporation of China will ramp up investment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. In terms of the aluminum market, Chinese smelters saw improved profitability and higher operating rates. Weak demand in Q1 combined with rising aluminum prices drove inventory to rise. Outside China, new aluminum capacity additions in Indonesia in 2026 are expected to be substantial, with SMM estimating approximately 950,000 mt of new aluminum smelting capacity potentially coming online in Indonesia in 2026. Angola is attracting Chinese investment thanks to its hydropower advantages. In the nickel market, given the Indonesian government's tightening of quotas, SMM estimates Indonesia's RKAB supplementary quotas this year at approximately 15%-20%. In terms of supply outside China, constrained by a lack of new projects, imports from the Philippines are expected to remain at around 19 million mt. Considering the impact of the rainy season on production, the market is expected to maintain a tight balance. Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst & Client Advisor at SMM, shared insights on the global copper market. He noted that global copper cathode demand will continue to grow from 2025 to 2030, with demand potentially reaching around 32 million mt by 2030 in an optimistic scenario. China's copper concentrates still rely on imports, and global copper concentrates supply will remain tight from 2026 to 2028, with the downward trend in spot TC not yet over. Meanwhile, global copper cathode production growth will slow down in the future, and the market will most likely fall into a supply deficit from 2027 to 2030, providing long-term support for copper prices. Yueang He, Senior Lead & Zinc Analyst at SMM, interpreted the lead-zinc market trends for 2026. Looking at the global zinc concentrates market in 2026, he stated that although production in China, Africa, and some projects continues to ramp up, production cuts at large mines are suppressing overall supply, with China's zinc concentrates production estimated to be up 4.8% YoY to 3.95 million mt in 2026; European smelting, affected by electricity prices fluctuations, may see selective minor production cuts of 60,000-100,000 mt. Overall, the zinc concentrates market in and outside China will maintain a tight balance in 2026, with refined zinc showing a surplus in China and a deficit ex-China. In terms of lead market, he stated that global lead mine supply is gradually recovering, but the concentrates market remains tight, and TC is unlikely to rebound significantly in the short term. He estimates that the loose supply situation in the global refined lead market will persist until 2028, with high visible inventory on both exchanges combined with slightly soft battery demand in China limiting the upside room for lead prices. Panel Session — Positioning and Price Signals: What Are Commodity Markets Telling Us? Understanding market positioning, inventory signals, and cross-market arbitrage. Moderator: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Analyst & Client Advisor at SMM Panelists: David Lilley, Director and Co-CIO at Drakewood Capital Management Limited Maruis Van Straaten, Metals Research Analyst at Squarepoint Gregory Shearer, Head of Base Metals and Precious Metals Strategy at J.P. Morgan Loic Jonchery, Base Metals Trader at Gunvor The panelists focused on current mainstream cross-market arbitrage strategies, emphasizing the need to closely track premiums and futures price spreads across various commodities, while comparing price spread performance across upstream and downstream categories such as cathode materials, scrap, and intermediate products, leveraging signals to identify arbitrage opportunities. The current market is subject to multiple influences including policy constraints, supply adjustments, and changes in industry rules, with the overall landscape becoming increasingly fragmented. China's policies have imposed a supply ceiling, compounded by industry framework adjustments and lengthy implementation cycles, keeping small and medium-sized enterprise operations and the supply side persistently tight, increasing market friction, and creating significant uncertainty in arbitrage trading. In this complex environment, price spread fluctuations have amplified and ranges continued to widen, with enhanced trend continuity in underlying markets; combined with cross-regional approval processes and circulation restrictions, traditional arbitrage logic has broken down and trade execution difficulty has increased. At the sub-sector level, the copper market attracted high attention, while structural distortions in nickel and other categories became prominent, making conventional arbitrage and sales models difficult to execute consistently; quality arbitrage opportunities concentrated among entities with balance sheet advantages, while ordinary participants became more cautious in decision-making, with overall trading behavior turning more conservative. Overall, the guests believed that there is no universally applicable, low-risk cross-market arbitrage strategy in the current market. Logic across different sub-markets has diverged significantly, and conducting related trades requires thorough assessment of policy, circulation, and fundamental risks. Panel Session: Superpowers and the Battle for Base Metals Moderator: Dr. Yanchen Wang, Managing Director of SMM Global UK Ltd. Panelists: Natalie Scott-Gray, Senior Metals Analyst, Middle East, North Africa and Asia, StoneX Max Layton, Global Head of Commodities Strategy, Citi Helen Amos, Managing Director and Commodities Analyst, BMO Capital Markets Amy Gower, Executive Director, Head of Metals and Mining Commodities Strategy, Morgan Stanley Amy Gower stated that since H2 last year, they have held a structurally bullish view on aluminum fundamentals: China's aluminum capacity is approaching its ceiling, and combined with expectations of incremental supply from Indonesia, the bullish logic for the aluminum industry is concentrated in H2. Currently, supply-side tightening in the aluminum market has gradually materialized, but the tightness has not been fully reflected in futures prices, and is instead more evident in strengthening spot premiums. Year-to-date, three-month aluminum has risen 18%, with European spot premiums at 27%. In addition, the guests noted that due to geopolitical factors, countries are increasingly prioritizing self-sufficiency and controllability of critical material supply chains, rather than relying on globalized supply allocation. Combined with various policy interventions, the previously freely flowing global commodities market is gradually moving toward regionalization and localized fragmentation. On the trade front, markets have become more unpredictable, and understanding the market is crucial. Some guests mentioned that interest rate trajectory is a key variable, and they expect that after interest rates decline from 2027 to 2028, supply-demand and inventory dynamics will further materialize. Meanwhile, upgraded supply chain governance and the normalization of strategic reserves across countries will provide long-term support for commodities price resilience. Session 4: How Do SMM Data and Information Products Empower Commodities Decision-Makers? As a globally renowned non-ferrous metals price assessment platform, Shanghai Metals Market (SMM) is committed to providing superior data to clients worldwide, empowering them to make more precise decisions. SMM understands that in a complex and ever-changing market environment, accurate and timely data is the key to success. To this end, SMM has built a comprehensive data platform covering multiple metals including copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, and nickel. Taking the copper market as an example, the SMM database covers the entire industry chain from mines, smelting, trading, and inventory to downstream demand, offering over 10,000 key indicators across sub-categories such as copper cathode, copper scrap, copper concentrates, copper anode, and sulphuric acid, including real-time spot prices, futures data, supply-demand balance tables, operating rates, and social inventory, comprehensively meeting clients' analytical needs. To make data access simpler and more convenient, SMM launched the SMM Excel Add-in. Users need no programming or API knowledge to browse, select, and sync massive amounts of data with a single click within the familiar Excel environment. In addition to easy-to-use data tools, SMM also offers professional price membership services and in-depth market analysis reports. Whether you are a trader who needs real-time price references, an analyst who relies on granular data to build models, or an enterprise manager seeking market insights, you can find the right solution at SMM. Coffee Break and Networking With this, the 2026 SMM H1 London Seminar has come to a successful conclusion. SMM sincerely appreciates the strong support from all industry peers and partners.
May 7, 2026 16:36
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
On April 9, 2026, the Japanese Cabinet officially approved the latest amendment to the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Act (commonly known as the "Waste Cleansing Act"). The core of the amendment is to upgrade metal recycling operations from a notification system to a permit system, and to impose a new obligation requiring confirmation from the Minister of the Environment for scrap metal exports.
May 1, 2026 10:27
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
In an increasingly fragmented global economy, gold is massively gaining focus as a neutral reserve asset. According to Deutsche Bank’s assessment, the precious metal is one of the main beneficiaries of global de-dollarization, even though the gold price is currently weakening.
May 6, 2026 14:21
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
Indonesian state-owned steel giant PT Krakatau Steel (Persero) Tbk (IDX: KRAS, hereinafter referred to as "Krakatau") released its 2025 consolidated financial statements on March 31, 2026. On the surface, the company recorded a net profit of 339.6 million USD (approximately 5.68 trillion IDR), its best performance since 2019. However, unpacking the core steel business reveals that the steel segment's operating loss in 2025 actually widened from 40.79 million USD in 2024 to 102.5 million USD.
May 8, 2026 12:45

Latest News

Phosphorus Chemicals: Resources Rule, Divergence Widens
Phosphorus Chemicals: Resources Rule, Divergence Widens
2025 annual reports show that companies with captive phosphate rock (BATIAN, Chuanjinnuo, Xingfa) posted profit growth of 122%-158%, while those relying on purchased raw materials (LiuGuo Chemical lost RMB 456 million, Lubei Chemical profit fell 85%) struggled. The pattern of "who owns mines, owns profits" is entrenched.
May 6, 2026 15:09
Nearly 100 Enterprises Shortlisted! 2026 SMM Tier1 List Officially Unveiled at CLNB 2026
Apr 30, 2026 10:36
Zhongyi Group's 100kt/Year Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Project Files in Jilin
On April 29, 2026, Zhongyi Group (Jilin) New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.'s 100kt/year sodium-ion battery hard carbon anode material project completed filing in Liuhe County, Tonghua, Jilin. The project has a total investment of 1.495 billion yuan and will be constructed in two phases, with plans to commence construction in December 2026 and complete in December 2029. The company is a Sino-foreign joint venture high-tech enterprise with existing capacity of 300,000 mt of anode materials. Leveraging green electricity production and over 100 patented technologies, it focuses on the sodium-ion battery anode material sector. North-east China, with its low-temperature adaptability and policy support, is becoming a hot topic for sodium-ion battery industry deployment. Jilin plans to achieve new-type energy storage ESS installations of no less than 3 million kW by 2030, continuously promoting sodium-ion battery R&D and extreme-cold testing base construction.
Apr 30, 2026 09:17
Fujiang Energy Secures Approval for 148.69M Yuan Sodium-Ion Battery Project, Advancing Geely's Dual-Tech Battery Strategy
On April 27, 2026, Fujiang Energy Technology Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Geely Technology Group, received approval from the Tonglu County Development and Reform Bureau for its "High Performance Energy Storage Sodium-Ion Battery Digital Production Line Project," with a total investment of 148.69 million yuan. The project focuses on commercial energy storage scenarios, leveraging AI-driven full-process data integration to build an intelligent sodium-ion battery cell system for energy storage, tailored to long duration energy storage (LDES) requirements. Fujiang Energy is a core enterprise in Geely's battery segment. The Tonglu base is expected to have 12 GWh of power battery capacity, with LFP production lines already in operation, supplying Geely Galaxy, Zeekr, and other car models. The approval of this sodium-ion battery production line marks Geely's official implementation of a "lithium battery + sodium-ion battery" dual-technology roadmap, enhancing the new energy industrial ecosystem in Tonglu and accelerating sodium-ion battery industrialisation and energy storage market penetration.
Apr 29, 2026 09:23
Jiana Energy's Subsidiary Files Sodium-ion Battery Anode Project for Expansion
Recently, Jiana Energy's subsidiary Chibi Luoneng New Energy completed the filing for its sodium-ion battery biomass hard carbon anode project. With a total investment of 17 million yuan, the project will renovate 3,500 m² of factory space and is expected to produce 3,000 mt of sodium-ion battery biomass hard carbon anode annually, with construction planned to commence in May. Previously, Jiana Energy had established a 1,200 mt purified hard carbon pilot project in Huangshi. Combined with the launch of the Chibi project, the company's hard carbon anode capacity footprint is further expanding. Leveraging its iron-based polyanion cathode plus biomass hard carbon anode technology route, Jiana Energy continues to enhance its upstream and downstream sodium-ion battery industry chain, facilitating cost reduction and accelerating the scaling and industrialisation of the sodium-ion battery industry chain.
Apr 28, 2026 15:04
Zhejiang Xupai Power, HELLA (Nanjing) Ink Strategic Pact for Sodium-Ion Battery Collaboration
On April 13, Zhejiang Xupai Power and HELLA (Nanjing) Electronics signed a strategic cooperation agreement. The two parties will engage in in-depth cooperation in sodium-ion batteries, automotive electronics, and global market expansion, focusing on the R&D, adaptation, validation, and promotion of sodium-ion automotive starter batteries. Xupai Power specializes in the R&D and manufacturing of sodium-ion automotive starter batteries, with products featuring advantages such as excellent high- and low-temperature performance, safety and reliability, and resource friendliness. HELLA (Nanjing) is a subsidiary of Germany's HELLA Group, possessing world-leading automotive electronics and energy management technologies. The two parties will leverage their respective strengths in manufacturing, distribution channels, and technology to promote the deployment of sodium-ion starter batteries across multiple car models and facilitate the green upgrade of automotive starting systems.
Apr 21, 2026 16:49
Beijing Hedian Tech Secures Nearly 100M Yuan in Series B Funding for Sodium-ion Battery Advancement
On April 17, sodium-ion battery cathode material producer Beijing Hedian Technology completed the delivery of its Series B financing of nearly 100 million yuan, with this round invested by Suining Industrial Investment. The funds will be used for core technology development, capacity enhancement, and market expansion to accelerate the industrialisation of the sodium-ion battery industry. Hedian Technology was established in August 2022, led technically by Professor Chen Jitao of Peking University. Its core team comes from the automotive and new energy industry chain, and the company has completed two rounds of financing totalling nearly 100 million yuan. The company focuses on sodium-ion battery cathode materials, with construction completed on a kt-level production line. It has laid out routes including polyanion and Prussian blue, with products compatible with energy storage and light-duty motive power applications.
Apr 21, 2026 16:48
Sodium-Ion Battery Industry Advances Steadily with Accelerated Tech, Expanding Applications
This week, the sodium-ion battery industry operated steadily overall, with industry prosperity continuing to rise. On the technological front, key performance metrics such as high safety, long cycle life, and low cost continued to achieve breakthroughs, laying a solid foundation for large-scale applications. With policy and industry working in synergy, upstream and downstream projects along the industry chain advanced steadily. Supporting infrastructure across materials, battery cells, system integration, and end-use applications continued to improve, with capacity deployment gradually materializing. The pace of scenario validation in energy storage, telecom backup power, and other fields accelerated, and market recognition of sodium-ion batteries' substitution and complementary effects increased. Overall, the industry is demonstrating a development trend characterized by **accelerating technological iteration, broadening application scenarios, and an increasingly mature industry chain**. The industrialisation of sodium-ion batteries continues to advance, with a promising medium and long-term development outlook.
Apr 16, 2026 16:06
Hithium Unveils Plans for Hong Kong R&D Hub, Advances in Sodium-ion Battery Tech
On April 13, Hithium announced that it plans to establish an international R&D center in Hong Kong, China, focusing on long duration energy storage (LDES) and sodium-ion battery technologies, forming a global R&D synergy with its bases in Xiamen, Chongqing, Shenzhen, and other locations. The company's Hong Kong IPO is proceeding as planned. Hithium began its sodium-ion battery deployment in 2023. In December 2024, it released the **∞Cell N162Ah polyanion sodium-ion energy storage battery cell, which achieves a capacity retention rate of 94.2% after 4,000 cycles at 25°C, with a projected lifespan exceeding 20,000 cycles**. The company has launched a lithium-sodium synergistic energy storage solution, compatible with AIDC, power grid, and other scenarios.
Apr 16, 2026 09:41
Samsung SDI Targets Robot and UAM Batteries, Also Prepares Sodium-Ion Battery Launch
Samsung SDI said on the 15th that it is focusing on battery development for robotics and urban air mobility (UAM) applications. Speaking at the SNE Research Global Battery Conference NGBS 2026 in Seoul, a senior vice president from the company’s advanced development and technology strategy teams emphasized that batteries will play a key role in connecting AI and human-centered environments as AI converges with humanoid robotics. The company also confirmed that it is internally preparing mass production plans for sodium-ion batteries and may make an official announcement by the end of this year or next year.
Apr 15, 2026 16:37
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Brief Analysis of Production Changes in China's Phosphorus-Based New Energy Materials, 2025
Key takeaways: Rapid growth: LFP cathode materials (+60%), iron phosphate (+67%), and LiPF6 (+38%) saw significant production expansion, reflecting strong demand from power batteries and energy storage. New-type materials such as LMFP and composite sodium iron phosphate grew by over 90%, entering the commercialisation phase.
Apr 15, 2026 15:41
Jiana Energy Secures Hundreds of Millions in Series A+ Funding for Sodium-ion Battery Cathode Expansion
Sodium-ion battery cathode material enterprise Jiana Energy announced the completion of a Series A+ funding round of several hundred million yuan, with investors including Shenzhen Energy Storage Fund and EVE, among others. The company focuses on the polyanion (NFPP) route, with construction completed on a 10kt-level cathode production line, and its products have a cycle life exceeding 20,000 cycles. The funds from this round will be used for capacity expansion, R&D iteration, and market development.
Apr 14, 2026 17:34
EVE Unveils Multi-Tech Battery System, Pioneers Zero-Carbon Sodium Batteries with Grid Integration
In its latest institutional survey, EVE disclosed that the company has built a collaborative system integrating hydrogen, lithium, and sodium multi-technology routes to reduce single dependence on lithium resources, covering diverse scenarios including AIDC, electricity ESS, and specialty vehicles. The company pioneered traceless sodium-ion battery technology, adopting self-degradable low-carbon materials to achieve recycling-free and natural decomposition throughout the battery life cycle, fulfilling the goal of zero-carbon sodium-ion batteries. In October 2025, the first large-capacity sodium-ion battery ESS was connected to grid at the Jingmen base. In December of the same year, the headquarters of EVE Sodium Energy broke ground, with a planned 2 Gwh annual capacity and expected commissioning in 2027.
Apr 14, 2026 17:23
【SMM Analysis】Sodium-Ion Battery Industry Chain Recovers in March, Setting Tone for Q2 Peak Season
As production order fully resumed after the Chinese New Year, the sodium-ion battery industry chain saw a strong recovery in March. Production across the four major segments—cathode, anode, electrolyte, and battery cell—posted substantial growth both YoY and MoM, with industry prosperity rebounding markedly.
Apr 3, 2026 13:43
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
[SMM Insight] Copper at $13,000/t in an Oversupplied Market — What’s Going On and Where Next?
This insight follows panel discussions at SMM’s London H1 2026 seminar, where one theme stood out clearly: funds are trumping fundamentals in today’s copper market. At first glance, the setup looks contradictory. There is no clear physical shortage of copper: near-term time spreads are in contango, signalling adequate supply; SMM forecasts a small global refined surplus in 2026; global exchange stocks are rising. On traditional metrics, prices should be softer. Yet LME copper remains elevated at around $13,000/t. This leads us to believe that copper is no longer trading purely on market fundamentals. So What Is Driving Copper Higher? Financial flows dominate price formation Speculative inflows since the middle of last year have played a key role in pushing copper higher. The recent rally following the initial shock of the US-Iran war is no exception. While some capital has rotated into energy markets recently, inflows into copper and broader commodities have remained resilient, supported by macro funds and systematic positioning. Momentum-driven strategies (CTAs, macro funds) have reinforced upside moves, especially during periods of positive price signals and cross-asset risk appetite. This can be seen from the bottom right hand-side chart which shows speculative positions from the LME’s Commitment of Traders Report (COTR). There has also been selective physical support, particularly from China, where downstream buying and restocking have contributed to declining local inventories at times. However, this physical demand has been opportunistic rather than structural, and insufficient on its own to explain the persistence of elevated prices. Overall, barring the initial geopolitical shock, copper price strength has been largely investor-led rather than consumer-led, with financial capital remaining the dominant marginal driver of price formation. A persistent geopolitical premium Supply risks remain elevated across key producing regions; energy and input cost volatility (e.g. sulphuric acid and diesel) adds uncertainty to production; trade fragmentation and resource nationalism are reshaping supply chains; copper is increasingly priced as a strategic resource, not just a commodity. Policy distortions — particularly from the US Tariff expectations and US government policy aimed at securing domestic supply chains — including potential import tariffs on copper, incentives for local processing, and broader reshoring of manufacturing — have triggered regional stockpiling. This has tightened availability ex-US and distorted global trade flows, as material is increasingly drawn into the US market. In effect, policy is creating artificial tightness in specific regions, even as the global market remains broadly balanced. Structural narrative outweighs current balance Electrification, grid expansion, and AI infrastructure continue to anchor long-term demand; supply constraints (declining ore grades, permitting delays) remain unresolved. As such, the market is pricing future deficits today, not current surplus. Why Surplus Does Not Equal Lower Prices The key misunderstanding in today’s market is treating copper like a static balance sheet. The surplus is marginal and unevenly distributed. Inventories are not necessarily located where demand is strongest. The market reacts to marginal tightness and risk, not annual average. Most importantly, copper is a forward-looking asset — it prices sentiment and expectations, not just spot fundamentals. How Traders Think About Copper Now Copper price formation has evolved into a multi‑layered system according to our panellists: Price = Fundamentals + Financial Flows + Macro + Narrative By this, we mean that copper prices are driven by four interacting components — Fundamentals, Financial Flows, Macro, and Narrative — and traders now analyse each layer in more depth to anticipate price direction. They: Watch financial conditions — positioning, flows, momentum, correlations Traders look at who holds risk, how strong the flows are, and whether momentum is building or fading. Cross‑asset signals — especially from US equities and major commodity indices — show whether copper is trading as part of a broader risk‑on move or reacting to something more specific. Track macro drivers — interest rates, policy, USD, liquidity Copper reacts quickly to shifts in US real yields, Fed expectations, and the strength of the dollar. Easier financial conditions or a weaker USD can lift prices even when demand is soft. Global liquidity trends, including China’s credit cycle, influence how much speculative capital enters the market. Monitor policy and geopolitics — tariffs, sanctions, trade flows, disruptions Policy decisions now move copper as much as fundamentals. Tariffs, sanctions, and export controls reshape trade flows and create regional imbalances. Geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions — from strikes to permitting delays — reinforce the market’s focus on future scarcity. Stay grounded in physical stress points — inventories, premiums, scrap Headline stocks matter less than where the metal sits. Traders watch regional inventory tightness, premiums, treatment charges, and scrap availability to understand real physical stress. These signals reveal whether the market is genuinely tight or simply trading a narrative. The consensus is that as long as capital flows remain strong, geopolitical risks persist, and the market prices future scarcity, copper can stay elevated — even in surplus. Where Next for Copper? As for immediate near-term dynamics, the copper market is treading water, increasingly driven by headline risk. Recent price action has been closely tied to developments around the Iran crisis, highlighting just how far copper has shifted into the macro arena. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz presents a two-sided risk for copper: On the bullish side , the Gulf is a major exporter of sulphur, a critical input for sulphuric acid used in leaching processes. With solvent extraction and electrowinning accounting for roughly a quarter of global refined output, continued disruptions to acid supply could tighten production, particularly in the DRC, and support prices. On the bearish side , higher energy prices risk triggering a broader slowdown in global manufacturing, weakening copper demand. The longer the disruptions persist, the greater the downside risk to consumption. With investors firmly in control of price formation, copper has effectively become part of a multi-asset macro trade on the trajectory of the Iran conflict. In this environment, both bulls and bears are less anchored to supply-demand balances and more dependent on the next geopolitical headline. Author: Shairaz Ahmed, Principal Market Analyst For more information or to discuss market dynamics, you can contact me on shairazahmed@smm.cn
May 6, 2026 00:08
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
2026 SMM London H1 Seminar: Metals in Transition - Supply Chain Battles & Price Dynamics in 2026
May 7, 2026 16:36
[SMM Analysis] The April turn: how Chinese stainless mills came around to higher NPI prices
[SMM Analysis] The April turn: how Chinese stainless mills came around to higher NPI prices
May 4, 2026 17:02
China's Crackdown on "Invoice Economy" Rattles Zinc Trading Market
China's Crackdown on "Invoice Economy" Rattles Zinc Trading Market
May 6, 2026 17:44
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
Japan's Waste Disposal Law Amendment: New Metal Resource Control Regulations and Reactions
May 1, 2026 10:27
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
Gold Price Facing Revaluation? Deutsche Bank Outlines $8,000 Scenario
May 6, 2026 14:21
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
[SMM Steel Enterprise Feature] Truth Behind the Turnaround: The Core Business Dilemma of Indonesian Giant Krakatau Steel
May 8, 2026 12:45
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