Refined cobalt is a key raw material for manufacturing products such as superalloys, cemented carbides, and magnetic materials. Europe, as a significant global center for aerospace, high-end manufacturing, and chemicals, is also one of the core consumer markets for refined cobalt. Its price dynamics will significantly influence the global market structure and pricing. As the largest port in Europe, Rotterdam aggregates raw materials from major producing regions worldwide, as well as spot cargo circulating within the region, forming a mature storage, logistics, and trading network. Its prices truly reflect the arrival costs, supply-demand balance, and regional premiums in the European market, providing a crucial price reference benchmark for market participants. Therefore, SMM plans to add a new price index, “SMM Refined Cobalt (In warehouse Rotterdam)", to provide the industry with more comprehensive price references.

With the deepening advancement of the "dual carbon" goals, the aluminum industry, as a high-energy-consuming sector, is accelerating its exploration of green transformation pathways. Compared to traditional coal power, the PV resources in north-west China possess significant cost advantages in power generation, but their intermittent nature also presents new challenges. The application of energy storage systems is becoming a key solution to enhance the stability of new energy supply.

Facing escalating trade tensions, the U.S. sharply raised tariffs on Chinese imports to a dramatic 104%, intensifying debates about their real impact. While the White House asserts these measures will revive domestic manufacturing, deeper analysis suggests the tariffs may serve more as political signals than effective economic solutions. This article examines the strategic motivations, practical limitations, and long-term implications of America's unprecedented tariff policy.

Entering mid-March, as the traditional peak season effect of "Golden March and Silver April" gradually unfolds, the spot supply-demand pattern in the aluminum industry chain continues to improve. Upstream production site inventory had accelerated destocking earlier, and recently, in-transit cargo volumes have contracted MoM. Coupled with the continued strong weekly outflows from warehouses of aluminum ingots and aluminum billets, the domestic spot aluminum supply and demand pressure has eased, inventory has shown significant improvement, and there were initial signs of destocking in domestic aluminum inventory mid-week last week. Recently, aluminum prices have also been attempting to break through the 21,000 mark. According to Shanghai Metals Market (SMM) data...

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