A groundbreaking study by Hong Kong University has uncovered an atomic-scale barrier hindering lithium-ion battery (LiB) recycling where the aluminum (Al) impurities from mechanical disassembly infiltrate nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) cathode crystals, forming ultra-stable aluminum-oxygen bonds that trap critical metals (Ni, Co, Mn) and drastically reduce it leachability. Using advanced microscopy and computational modeling, researchers demonstrated that these Al impurities has long dismissed as a minor nuisance, fundamentally alter cathode chemistry, particularly in acidic solvents like formic acid, while showing variable effects in ammonia or deep eutectic solvents. This revelation challenges conventional recycling practices and underscores the need for solvent-specific process redesign to achieve high-yield metal recovery, offering a pathway to optimize hydrometallurgical methods for sustainable battery recycling.
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