Li Shufu, chairman of Geely holding Group, suggests strengthening the construction of electric vehicle power exchange system.

With the upcoming National people's Congress in 2022, Li Shufu, deputy to the National people's Congress and chairman of Geely holding Group, put forward two proposals related to the development of new energy vehicles, including a proposal to strengthen the construction of electric vehicle power exchange system.

At present, China has made great efforts to promote the development of new energy vehicles with a strong momentum. According to statistics released by the Ministry of Public Security, by the end of 2021, the number of new energy vehicles in the country reached 7.84 million, an increase of 59.25 percent over the previous year, of which 6.4 million were pure electric vehicles, accounting for 81.63 percent of the total.

Charging and changing electricity have become the main energy supplement modes of electric vehicles. The number of charging piles in China is 2.617 million in 2021, an increase of 55.7 percent over the same period last year. However, the number of replacement power stations in the country is only 1192, which is much slower than the layout speed of charging piles.

In the government work report of the two sessions of the National people's Congress in 2020, the prime minister proposed "two new and one heavy" construction, which clearly brings the exchange power station into the category of new infrastructure construction, and the power exchange mode and charging mode complement each other, so as to jointly promote the popularization of new energy vehicles in our country. to achieve the national strategic goal of China's automobile industry from big to strong. On October 20, 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued the Development Plan of New Energy vehicle Industry (2021-2035), which clearly encouraged the promotion and application of power exchange mode. In the government work report of the two sessions of the National people's Congress in 2021, the prime minister once again proposed to increase facilities such as parking lots, charging piles and changing power stations, and speed up the construction of power battery recycling system.

In fact, compared with the traditional charging pile replenishment mode, the power exchange mode of vehicle-electricity separation has two advantages of efficient energy replenishment and cost reduction. Among them, in terms of efficient energy replenishment, it takes only about 1-5 minutes for passenger cars to change electricity, which has an absolute advantage over traditional charging piles; in terms of cost, the initial purchase cost of electric vehicles accounts for about 40% of the initial purchase cost of electric vehicles, and the charging mode of "integration of vehicle and electricity" makes the cost of the whole vehicle greatly increased, and under the separation mode of car and electricity, the purchase price of electric vehicles can be reduced by up to half. Especially in the field of heavy trucks, taxis and ride-hailing, it can improve the operation efficiency and the economic benefit is more obvious. In addition, battery materials can also be included in the circular economy to further improve the efficiency of environmental protection.

However, in the whole life cycle of vehicle-electricity separation and ecological construction, there are still some supporting policies and measures that need to be broken through. First of all, in the relevant links of the construction and management of the exchange power station, the exchange of power station as a heavy asset investment, most of the land is leased, there is little land to choose, and there are many restrictions on land examination and approval. At the same time, limited by the versatility of cross-brand, multi-model, power exchange platform and device technology, replacement battery package communication protocol, electric connector technology, etc., a replacement power station can only serve a single vehicle brand or even a single vehicle model. As a result, the contradiction between the increasing demand for station construction and the limited land and power resources has been further highlighted.

Secondly, in terms of national standards, in addition to the three mandatory national standards issued by the National Standards Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in May 2020, such as "Safety requirements for Electric vehicles", "Safety requirements for Electric buses" and "Safety requirements for Power batteries for Electric vehicles", most of the other standards are recommended standards and industry standards issued a few years ago. today, with the rapid development of new technology and new situation, Are in urgent need of revision and improvement and the formation of mandatory national standards.

Take the current automobile announcement mode as an example, all take the whole vehicle (including battery) as the whole announcement. However, in the car-electricity separation mode, a replacement model will match multiple batteries, and a battery will also match multiple models. If the three cars can correspond to three batteries (unified interface and interchangeable), then the three cars need to be announced nine times, with new batteries developed and re-announced. At the same time, with the rapid development of battery technology, the battery will continue to improve, and models that have been announced need to be re-announced according to the new battery. If you are going to develop a new model, you need to announce all the batteries that can match.

In addition, the research and development direction and progress of different battery manufacturers are different, and the energy density, battery structure and size specifications of power battery products can not be unified, resulting in the power exchange mode is difficult to form scale effect. The low degree of standardization of replacement batteries also restricts multiple brand models to share the same exchange power station, which slows down the development process of the exchange power station. The adaptation of power exchange mode needs to be promoted jointly by car companies and battery enterprises. without standard promotion, brands of various car companies will still use different power exchange interfaces and will not be able to complete the adaptation.

Therefore, the sustainable development of power exchange mode requires the cooperation and joint promotion of government departments, industry associations and enterprises. Li Shufu suggested:

1. Speed up the clarification of the relevant regulations on the construction of replacement power stations, high and low pressure box transformations, land and construction examination and approval, and bring them into the national market management standard system. It is suggested that the government should open up the resource access and support of public parking lots, effectively and reasonably optimize the allocation of land resources, optimize the examination and approval process of high-voltage new installation (capacity increase) of power exchange projects, implement the requirements of reducing the time limit for application and installation, open up multiple households in one site, and speed up the construction cycle.

2. Further improve the relevant policies and regulations on power-changing models, optimize the announcement laws and regulations on power-changing models, and establish an exclusive announcement and certification system for power-changing models, so as to form the separate certification of vehicles and batteries under the separation of vehicles and electricity. At the same time, further improve the national traceability system of new energy vehicles, and optimize the adaptability (such as car-electricity separation insurance) according to the mode of vehicle-electricity separation.

3. Accelerate the standardization and generalization of the power exchange mode. Promote the standardization of the software and hardware protocols of the exchange interface, presuppose 2-3 technologically advanced interface forms to formulate recommended standards; standardize and restrict the mechanism, form and compatibility of the exchange station, so that the technologically advanced exchange station will be given priority; promote the standardization of the exchange battery package, so that the exchange battery package can really be exchanged among different vehicle enterprises, different exchange power stations and different users.