On July 25, the Department of Emergency Management promulgated the Safety regulations on Dust explosion Prevention in Industrial and Trade Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as "regulations"), which will come into force on September 1, 2021. The regulation was examined and adopted at the 35th ministerial meeting of the Ministry of Emergency Management on November 30, 2020. These provisions shall apply to the dust explosion prevention and safety work of metallurgical, non-ferrous, building materials, machinery, light industry, textile, tobacco, trade and other industrial and trade enterprises (hereinafter referred to as dust explosion-related enterprises) that are in danger of combustible dust explosion.
In recent years, there have been a number of dust explosion group deaths and injuries in China, and the situation of production safety is still grim. In 2012, 13 people were killed in the "8 ·5" aluminum dust explosion accident in Ouhai District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province; in 2014, 146 people were killed in the "8 ·2" explosion accident of Zhongrong Metal products Co., Ltd., Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province; and 7 people were killed in the "3 ·31" deflagration accident of Handing Precision Metal Co., Ltd., Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province in 2019. In order to deeply absorb the lessons of these typical accidents and in view of the outstanding problems exposed by the accidents, the regulations put forward specific requirements for the production safety guarantee of dust explosion-related enterprises.
The regulations point out that dust explosion-related enterprises shall, in accordance with the relevant national standards or industry standards such as the Dust explosion Prevention Safety regulations, set up dust removal systems for dangerous places of dust explosion in accordance with different processes and relatively independently in different regions. combustible dust shall not share a set of dust removal systems with media such as combustible gases that are easy to aggravate the risk of explosion, and dust removal systems in different fire zones are prohibited from being interconnected. The technological equipment with the danger of dust explosion shall adopt one or more explosion control measures, such as explosion venting, flameproof, inerting, explosion suppression, explosion resistance, etc., but shall not take explosion insulation measures alone. It is forbidden to use dust settling chamber for dust removal or to use roadway structures as dust removal ducts. Among them, aluminum and magnesium and other metal dust should be removed by negative pressure.
Dust explosion-related enterprises adopting dry dedusting systems shall, in accordance with the relevant national standards or industry standards such as the Dust explosion Prevention Safety regulations, and combined with the actual situation of the process, install and use devices such as lock gas unloading, spark detection extinguishment, wind pressure difference monitoring and other devices, as well as the monitoring and early warning information system of relevant safety equipment, to strengthen the real-time monitoring of dust explosion dangerous places where ignition sources and dust clouds may exist. The wet dedusting system of aluminum, magnesium and other metal dust shall install a liquid level and flow rate monitoring and alarm device interlocked with the polishing equipment, keep the workplace and the dust collector body well ventilated, prevent the accumulation of hydrogen, and clean up the precipitated dust mud in a timely and standardized manner.
In addition, in the collection and storage of aluminum and magnesium and other metal dust and magnesium alloy scraps, large amounts of dust and waste should be avoided or stacked and stacked in multiple layers after bagging; if temporary storage is needed, relatively independent temporary storage places should be set up, away from crowded places such as work sites, and necessary fire and explosion-proof measures such as waterproof, moisture-proof, ventilation, hydrogen monitoring and other necessary fire and explosion-proof measures should be taken. The hydrous magnesium alloy waste should be treated by mechanical pressing, and the magnesium alloy dust should be temporarily stored by soaking in a large amount of water. It is worth noting that if the dust explosion-related enterprises fail to carry out special safety production education and training for the relevant responsible persons and employees of dust jobs in accordance with the regulations, or fail to truthfully record the special production safety education and training; failing to truthfully record the investigation and treatment of hidden dangers of dust explosion prevention or failing to inform the employees; Failing to formulate an emergency rescue plan for dust explosion accidents or not organizing drills on a regular basis. If one of these acts is committed, the department responsible for the safety supervision of the dust explosion-related enterprise shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the production Safety Law of the people's Republic of China, order it to make corrections within a time limit and impose a fine of not more than 100000 yuan; if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend production and business for rectification, and a fine of not less than 100000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan shall be imposed, and a fine of not less than 20, 000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan shall be imposed on the person directly in charge and other persons directly responsible.
Dust explosion-proof work is an important part of the special rectification of production safety. in recent years, emergency management departments at all levels have taken a series of effective measures to address both the symptoms and root causes of dust explosion-proof special rectification work. through the formulation of regulations to make up for the shortcomings of the system, strengthen standard constraints, and provide a more targeted legal basis for standardizing the supervision and law enforcement of dust explosion-proof safety. The promulgation of the "regulations" is conducive to further consolidate the main responsibility norms of safety production in dust-related enterprises, strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of dust explosion-proof safety in industrial and trade enterprises, and standardize and strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of dust explosion-proof safety in industrial and trade enterprises.
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