SMM: at the 2021 annual meeting of the non-ferrous metals industry jointly organized by Shanghai Futures Exchange and SMM, Zhang Xiaocong, General Manager of Marketing Center of Ruipu Energy Co., Ltd. introduced the current development of energy storage technology and the trend of overseas market to the guests. He believes that in the future, energy storage batteries need to continue to reduce costs, through roof photovoltaic plus energy storage and purchase of green power, investment in photovoltaic power stations, direct green power supply, etc., to achieve carbon peak in 2025 and carbon neutralization by 2050.
I. Development of energy storage technology
Classification of energy storage technology
Energy storage technology is divided into thermal energy storage, electric energy storage and hydrogen energy storage, in which electric energy storage is divided into electrochemical energy storage and mechanical energy storage. The above two energy storage methods are used in power system, communication base station, data center and rail transit.
By the end of 2020, the cumulative installed capacity of pumped storage in the world's operational energy storage projects accounted for 90.3%, down 2.3% from the same period last year; the cumulative installed proportion of electrochemical energy storage increased by 2.3% to 7.5%, corresponding to 14.2 GW, and the proportion of lithium batteries exceeded 90% for the first time, about 13.1GW.
The proportion of electrochemical energy storage is gradually increasing.
According to statistics, by the end of 2020, the cumulative installed scale of global energy storage projects has reached 191.1 GW, an increase of 3.4% over the same period last year. Among them, the cumulative installed scale of pumped storage is the largest, 172.5GW, an increase of 0.9% over the same period last year, while from 2016 to 2020, the cumulative installed scale of electrochemical energy storage and lithium-ion batteries gradually increased, and the cumulative installed scale of electrochemical energy storage and lithium-ion batteries exceeded 10GW for the first time, reaching 14.2/13.1GW respectively.
In 2020, the global installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage reached 4.7 GW, an increase of 62% over the same period last year, contributing to a major increase.
Lithium Battery Energy Storage Technology-long Life Lithium Ferric Phosphate Battery
According to the national policy and market requirements, various factories have launched long-life energy storage battery planning: with the iterative update of technology, the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate battery represented by 280Ah can reach 6000-10000 times, while ensuring ultra-high energy efficiency.
Lithium iron phosphate long cycle life battery can meet the requirements of energy storage quality assurance of different standards at home and abroad for 10-20 years, and achieve "0" attenuation in the first year.
Lithium Battery Energy Storage Technology-Power Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery
Power lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of stable output voltage, high output voltage, stable performance, long service life, wide working temperature range, good safety, environmental protection and no pollution. From the above, it is not difficult to see that lithium iron phosphate battery has a lot of room to rise on the road of lithium battery development in the future.
Lithium battery energy storage technology-safety technology
1500V high voltage electrical safety: to solve the most ball association of high voltage breakdown failure, withstand voltage level 5000VDC, Electroweb high voltage technology and power failure mode of cross-disciplinary technical integration.
Advanced liquid and thermal management technology: for energy storage equipment required for more than 20 years of quality assurance, excellent environmental consistency management and control is an effective way to prolong the life of the cell, bid farewell to traditional electric heating and realize the integrated design of liquid, thermal and liquid cooling. the temperature difference of a single cluster is controlled within 5 °C to create a friendly and consistent environment.
The high-precision SOC.SOH estimation ability of superbrain BMS: comes from accurate sampling and big data accumulation, temperature, precision, string and other multi-dimensional self-developed BMS hardware and software to provide the strongest brain for the system.
Second, the trend of overseas energy storage market.
Overseas household energy storage market
In 2020, the installed capacity of overseas users increased by 1900 MWH, including 810MWH in Europe and 700MWH in the United States, with a cumulative installed capacity exceeding 4.2GWh. In the next five years, Europe and the United States will still be the leading regions for the growth of household energy storage.
It is estimated that the new installed capacity of global household energy storage will reach 93.4 G by 2025, with an average growth rate of 110% from 2020 to 2025.
Large energy storage market
With the continuous increase of the proportion of new energy power generation in the overall energy structure, the demand for energy storage construction on the generation side will usher in a rapid development.
In addition, the energy storage system can be used for peak and frequency regulation on the transmission and distribution side, increase the stability of Electroweb, can be used as a backup power supply on the user side, and can also cut peak and fill valleys to achieve electricity price arbitrage.
The market will break out in the future.
According to the latest report released by the World Bank and other international institutions, there are still 840 million people without electricity in the world, which are mainly concentrated in Africa, South Asia and South America in terms of regional distribution. Based on this, distributed photovoltaic + energy storage "is the better solution.
In recent years, the installed capacity of photovoltaic in the global distributed photovoltaic market is increasing year by year. According to the estimation of IEA, the new installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic in the world will reach 129GW in 2025, and there will be a huge incremental market for distributed optical storage in the future.
In terms of the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage, according to the forecast of WoodMackenzie, the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage will continue to grow rapidly in the next 10 years, with an annual compound growth rate of 31%.
Analysis of kilowatt-hour cost of energy storage battery
Energy storage LCOE = one-time purchase cost of energy storage system / quantity of energy storage system * number of cycles
According to the analysis of the kilowatt-hour cost of the energy storage battery, it is found that the first-stage kilowatt-hour target is 0.15 yuan / kwh, and the second-stage target is 0.1yuan / kwh. Therefore, it is inevitable for the future development of energy storage battery to reduce the cost.
Accelerate the realization of carbon neutralization
Through roof photovoltaic plus energy storage, purchase of green power, investment in photovoltaic power stations, direct green power supply, etc., we will strive to achieve carbon peak in 2025 and carbon neutralization by 2050.
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