US-Iran Tensions Released Positive Recovery Signals, Copper Prices Retreated After a Rapid Rise During the Week[SMM Macro Weekly Review]

This week, macro factors were intertwined around two main threads: the acceleration of US-Iran peace talks and higher-than-expected inflation. Peace talks heated up significantly — Trump said a peace agreement would be signed as early as this weekend in Europe, and Iran allowed 10 oil tankers to pass through the Strait of Hormuz as a goodwill gesture. Brent crude oil fell to a near two-month low of around $89/bbl, and the geopolitical risk premium rapidly faded. However, mid-week, May CPI rose 4.2% YoY, the first time it has exceeded 4% in three years, while the US Fed kept its core interest rate unchanged this week. By the end of the week, US-Iran optimism eased growth concerns. Overall, as geopolitical tensions cooled and sticky inflation persisted, copper prices retreated from highs and fluctuated more amid macro disturbances.

Fundamentals side, China's spot market strengthened notably. On the inventory front, SMM social inventory continued to decline, and suppliers held prices firm with strong willingness. Spot premiums quickly shifted from discounts to premiums, and the backwardation structure near delivery supported SHFE copper premiums. Demand side, when copper prices pulled back, bargain hunting was active and transactions recovered, but when prices rebounded, downstream buying interest was suppressed and the market cooled, with overall demand mainly based on rigid needs. The SHFE/LME price ratio recovered slightly, and buyers' purchase willingness increased. Overall, the market pattern featured support from low inventory, strengthening spot premiums, and demand switching with price levels, forming support for copper prices on the downside.

Looking ahead to next week, macro focus will be on whether the US-Iran agreement can be finalized and progress on resuming navigation in the Strait of Hormuz. The approaching June 30 ruling on US copper cathode tariffs also adds uncertainty. If peace talks materialize and geopolitical risks further recede, risk appetite will rebound, but oil prices and inflation expectations will fall in tandem. If sticky inflation leads the Fed to turn hawkish, it will weigh on risk assets. Fundamentals side, low inventory and strengthening spot premiums will provide downside support, while high copper prices will curb buying on rallies. LME copper is expected to trade at $13,300–13,800/mt, and SHFE copper is expected to trade at 104,200–105,800 yuan/mt, mainly moving sideways at high levels with a slightly weaker center. Spot premiums are expected to continue, and attention should be paid to the sustainability of suppliers holding prices firm after delivery and the downstream restocking intensity.