The end-use consumption of lead-acid batteries is the lifeblood of the entire lead industry chain. Currently, weak downstream consumption has led to a low replacement rate of new and old batteries and a small volume of scrap batteries in the market. According to waste lead-acid battery recyclers, the collection volume at storefronts is low, and there is a strong reluctance to sell, resulting in increasing pressure on procurement recently. Some recyclers have even stated that their daily turnover is less than 50% of previous years. Tight supply of raw materials has constrained the production of smelters.