Zhang Tianren, deputy to the National people's Congress and chairman of Tianneng Group: promote the healthy and orderly development of the four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle industry.

2022 is the 10th year of Zhang Tianren, chairman of Tianneng Group, as a deputy to the National people's Congress. This year, Zhang Tianren put forward a total of 27 proposals and motions, focusing on legislation in the field of climate change, public health emergencies, rural revitalization, intellectual property rights, green travel, new energy storage, and the integration of the Yangtze River Delta.

Founded in 1986, Tianneng Group's core business includes new energy lithium battery, smart energy, resource recycling, green intelligent industrial park and other industries. It owns two listed companies, Tianneng Power (00819.HK) and Tianneng Co., Ltd. (688819.SH).

Zhang Tianren told the Financial Associated Press that he submitted a total of 26 bills and proposals last year, which received great attention and positive response from the National people's Congress and relevant departments. "at the session of the National people's Congress in 2021, I suggest that the state should levy value-added tax on recycling enterprises according to the standard of 3% for small-scale taxpayers, and at the same time increase the ratio of collection and return. The relevant ministries and commissions of the state have finally adopted my suggestion, and the new rules on value-added tax on the comprehensive utilization of resources will be implemented from March this year. "

As a deputy to the National people's Congress in the field of new energy, over the years, Zhang Tianren has put forward a number of suggestions for high-quality economic development from the aspects of green development, enterprise technological transformation, integration of the two, and so on. In the past year, Zhang Tianren summarized and prepared 4 motions and 23 proposals through research. One of the important suggestions is to promote the healthy and orderly development of the four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle industry.

The number of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles is expected to exceed 30 million in 2030.

In Zhang Tianren's view, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles meet the needs of green travel diversity.

China has a large population, uneven economic development and diversified consumer demand. At present, the new energy transportation vehicle is still single, which can not meet the effective needs of different consumer groups in different scenarios. The buyers of new energy vehicles are mainly concentrated in first-and second-tier cities and economically developed areas, with greater demand potential in third-and fourth-tier cities and the vast number of rural areas.

Four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are called "elderly walkers". Although the definition is not accurate, they reflect the reasonable demands of reality. It is understood that four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles started around 2010, and then developed rapidly. By 2020, the number of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles in China has increased to more than 10 million. Official figures show that by 2025, the number of people aged over 60 in China will exceed 300 million, accounting for 21 percent of the population.

"four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles without financial subsidies and government support have always survived in the gap of policy, but their production and sales have maintained an average annual growth rate of more than 30 per cent, indicating that they have a strong market vitality and are likely to exceed 30 million in 2030." Zhang Tianren told the Financial Associated Press that there are hundreds of enterprises producing four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles across the country, with an annual production capacity of more than 2 million vehicles. The upper, middle, and lower reaches of them have formed a relatively complete industrial chain, involving thousands of enterprises, and the overall market scale has reached the trillion yuan level.

Four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles also have some obvious market advantages: first, the purchase price is low, which can be purchased at more than 10,000 yuan; second, the use cost is low, with electricity consumption of about 10 kilowatt hours per 100 kilometers, and the electricity cost per kilometer is only 5 cents; third, it is convenient and practical, not only with more and more abundant configuration, but also flexible and convenient, and strong adaptability to road conditions.

In addition, the four-wheel low-speed electric car body is very small, occupies less road area and resources, not to increase congestion, but can reduce congestion. At present, the problem of random parking and increasing congestion is not the problem of the four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicle itself, but the problem of management and guidance.

Zhang Tianren said that four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles play a positive role in optimizing the transportation structure of new energy and reducing carbon emissions. "four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are green, energy-saving, emission-reducing, and affordable. They are an industry that is convenient, beneficial and beneficial to the people. They should be sparse, not blocked, and should develop healthily and orderly in the sun." He stressed.

The development of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles faces five challenges

In recent years, driven by market demand, all kinds of pure electric transportation and transportation, including new energy vehicles, electric bicycles, four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles, electric logistics vehicles and so on, have developed rapidly. At the same time, the development of the aforementioned models and related industries is not balanced, and the market environment and policy environment are also different. Four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are widely popular, with huge production and sales, but they are discriminated against and survive in a gap. Even the risk of being strangled.

In his field research over the past year, Zhang Tianren found that the development of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles is facing five challenges, as follows:

First, the industrial policy of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles is not clear enough. In November 2018, with the consent of the State Council, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other six ministries jointly issued the Circular on strengthening the Management of low-speed Electric vehicles, which clearly stated the working idea of "upgrading one batch, standardizing one batch and eliminating one batch". Misunderstood or alienated as "upgrade knockout", four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles have become marginalized products and seriously hindered the enthusiasm of car companies to transform and upgrade.

At present, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are still faced with the embarrassing situation that they can be produced and sold, but they cannot be licensed; in actual management, the "regulations" and "methods" of local management are different, and some places are allowed to hit the road. in some places, they are not allowed to hit the road, which contradicts each other.

At present, Henan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other provinces and cities have issued relevant policies on four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles, through registration, listing and other measures to support low-speed electric vehicles on the road reasonably; however, some counties and cities in Shandong and Henan have banned traffic regulations.

Second, the "legal identity" of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles has not been landed for a long time, and the phenomenon of harming the rights and interests of consumers occurs from time to time.

Due to the lack of certificate, 3C certification and so on, many four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles can not be listed. Some places have solved this problem through registration and listing, but more places have not solved it.

In the process of driving on the road, traffic management departments are also faced with difficulties, there are a variety of different phenomena of law enforcement, some do not care, some strict control, some sometimes control a tube; some fine, some impound the car, some turn a blind eye.

When there are traffic accidents or disputes between consumers and dealers, the identification of accident responsibility, accident compensation and after-sale protection of rights, and so on, the rights and interests of some consumers are infringed.

Third, the lack of industry technical standards, product quality can not be guaranteed.

As early as 2016, the working Group on the Technical conditions of four-wheeled low-speed Electric vehicles has started its work; the main points of Standardization of New Energy vehicles in 2018 also listed "promoting the development of standards for four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles" as one of the key points of work in the field of the whole vehicle; in 2019, documents issued by the SAC show that the "technical conditions of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles" have changed from recommended to mandatory and have been reformulated to limit the period to 2021.

The time for the introduction of the standard has been delayed again and again, because the industry differs too much on the indicators of low-speed four-wheeled electric vehicles, which perplexes the product design and technical transformation of the whole vehicle enterprises, and the product consistency and product quality can not be guaranteed.

Fourth, the "right of way" of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles is still not clear. Wheel low-speed electric vehicles belong to motor vehicles, how to apply for license plates, how to implement the right of road policies are different, the management is not standardized, there is an urgent need for the policy to give correct guidance to solve the problems of easy to buy, difficult to use and difficult to travel.

Fifth, vehicle category management is still not clear, high standards may stifle the industry and leave hidden dangers.

From the "Technical conditions for four-wheeled low-speed Electric vehicles" in 2016 to the "Technical conditions for four-wheeled low-speed Electric vehicles" in 2019, and then in June 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology openly solicited opinions on the recommended national standard "Technical conditions for Pure Electric passenger vehicles". As a subcategory of pure electric passenger vehicles, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are named "miniature low-speed pure electric passenger vehicles", from electric vehicles to electric vehicles, and then to electric passenger vehicles. The new standards that have not yet been issued have a tendency to upgrade step by step.

It was originally planned to manage four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles as a separate category, but it is convenient to upgrade them directly to electric passenger cars, but "across the board" is likely to eliminate most of the existing four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle enterprises. even stifle the entire upstream, middle and downstream industries.

In fact, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are a means of transportation between electric tricycles and electric vehicles, and it is a new thing. If the production and manufacturing standards of electric passenger cars are required, the cost will naturally rise. At present, for the passenger car enterprises represented by SAIC GM Wuling, the price of some electric vehicles has fallen to 29800 yuan. If the standard is too high, it will be tantamount to directly docking with passenger cars. The industry of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles does not need to exist, but on the other hand, there is a realistic demand for 10, 000-20, 000 yuan short-distance vehicles in the market.

Due to the huge market demand, it is not ruled out that some enterprises produce illegally in the periphery under the banner of spare parts or a makeover, and unqualified and unsafe products still flow to the urban-rural fringe or the rural market, leaving hidden dangers.

Zhang Tianren pointed out that in order to change the situation of death as soon as it is grasped and chaos as soon as it is released, it is still necessary to extensively solicit opinions inside and outside the industry and formulate feasible technical norms that not only meet the needs of the market, but also meet the requirements of safety and high quality. at the same time, through effective guidance, to enable enterprises to develop in a healthy and orderly manner and achieve technological upgrading.

Let four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles develop healthily and orderly in the sun

In response to the above problems, Zhang Tianren put forward the following four suggestions:

First of all, to achieve the goal of "double carbon" as a guide, from the height of the national development strategy, to promote the construction of new energy transportation system to meet the needs of green travel diversity.

The main body of the market economy and all kinds of enterprises should be treated fairly, and the sun and rain should be sprinkled all over every corner of the market economy. Four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicle is a new thing, which should be given an inclusive and tolerant development environment. Shared bicycles and online car-hailing are also new things. After the initial disorderly and barbaric growth, they have begun to develop healthily and orderly now.

The problem of short-distance travel of more than 300 million elderly people should be paid enough attention. The new energy transportation system should be a diversified, inclusive and selective green travel system.

Secondly, reasonable classification, clear product attributes. According to the product function, product structure, appearance characteristics and mode of use, the four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle can be managed as a separate category; at the same time, referring to the management mode of the European Union L6e/L7e, the four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle is defined as "electric four-wheeled motorcycle", which is included in the motorcycle management scheme. However, this method needs to revise the "Technical conditions for Motor vehicle Operation Safety" and take into account the difficulty of supervision of motorcycle management in our country.

In addition, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles are defined as "mini low-speed electric vehicles", which are different from existing small electric vehicles in the field of "low-speed" technical specifications, such as banning them from highways.

Thirdly, build a differentiated technical specification system to balance the characteristics of negative externalities. According to the technical characteristics of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles, a special technical specification system is developed to eliminate its negative externalities such as low quality, poor safety and chaotic configuration through technical specifications as far as possible.

1. Define the corresponding safety and quality standards. Products must meet the requirements of active and passive safety standards for various products, including member protection, electrical safety and brake safety.

2. the dynamic performance such as the maximum design speed and acceleration time matches the requirements of "low speed". Setting reasonable speed and acceleration requirements can not only meet the requirements of traffic safety and smooth flow, but also take into account the technical economy of the vehicle.

3. The mileage can be set according to the minimum threshold of the average daily mileage, but the maximum mileage should not be too high, mainly for short trips, which is different from the existing mileage of small electric vehicles.

4. The energy requirements of power batteries should not be too high, mainly to meet the needs of short-distance travel, and can not repel lead-acid power batteries with high safety.

5. Increase the requirements of special indexes such as lightweight and miniaturization to improve the energy efficiency level of the whole vehicle.

6. The technical specification of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles should be different from the traditional understanding of small electric passenger cars. If the technical standard is too high, it will lose its meaning and may directly stifle the development of this industry.

Finally, differential traffic management should be implemented to ensure safe and smooth traffic flow:

(1) standardize traffic management. China has established a system of laws and regulations on road traffic management with the "Road Traffic Safety Law" and "Technical conditions for Motor vehicle Operation Safety" as the core. It is suggested that in accordance with the general principle of "ensuring safety, promoting smooth flow, being operable and easy to supervise, and not having a great impact on the current traffic management system", in terms of road rights, vehicle registration, license plate management, driver's license management, accident handling and insurance, Implement the corresponding management system for four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles to provide legal basis for traffic control law enforcement.

(2) to make clear the right to drive. In order to reduce the probability of traffic congestion and accidents, it is suggested that four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles should be allowed to drive in motor lanes, but not on highways, in accordance with the road rights regulations of small pure electric vehicles; large and medium-sized cities can, according to local road traffic conditions, formulate specific policies in accordance with local conditions, such as traffic restrictions on urban viaducts for limited periods of time.

(3) standardize vehicle registration. It is suggested that the registration, change registration, transfer registration, mortgage registration and cancellation registration of four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles should be managed. Register and list the existing non-standard cars, instead of thoroughly investigating and delisting in the next two or three years to protect the rights and interests of the masses.

(4) standardize the management of driver's license. With reference to the relevant provisions of the measures for the Administration of Motor vehicle driver's license, it is recommended that drivers be required to obtain a C6 driver's license (to set up a special driver's license for four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles). At the same time, according to the travel needs of the elderly, the age limit on drivers should be relaxed appropriately.

(5) to strengthen the cultivation and guidance of good driving and parking habits, and to punish and educate illegal driving and random parking accordingly.

(6) to clarify the vehicle insurance and accident handling system.

"with the development of technology upgrading, intelligent network connection, lightweight and even fashionable design, as long as it is well guided and managed, four-wheeled low-speed electric vehicles with green environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction may become a beautiful scenery on the street rather than a persistent urban disease, which has emerged in Europe and the United States and other developed countries." Zhang Tianren told the Financial Associated Press.