The sharp increase in the permeability of new energy vehicles puts forward higher requirements for the charging and replenishment of electric vehicles. Apart from continuing to improve the infrastructure on a large scale, a more efficient mode of power exchange and overcharging may have become the consensus of the car companies and the industry.
"We hope to cover all prefecture-level cities, major county-level cities, as well as the vast majority of highways within two years." On the "1024 Xiaopeng Automotive Technology Day", he Xiaopeng, chairman of Xiaopeng Automobile, unveiled China's first mass-produced 800V high voltage SiC super fast charging platform.
Fast charging has also become the main choice for the industry to solve the "mileage anxiety". "an important trend of pure electric vehicles is' fast recharge 'and' slow charging network interaction'(V2G)." In the view of Ouyang Minggao, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it is entirely possible to charge 200 kilometers in 5 minutes without emphasizing recharge.
High-voltage quick charging technology for the layout of several automobile enterprises
The difficulty of recharging during the National Day holiday has once again aroused the industry's thinking about the popularity of electric vehicles. In the face of rapid charging in extreme scenarios, Xiaopeng gave the answer.
According to reports, Xiaopeng Motor, a mass-produced 800V high-voltage SiC overcharge platform, has a charging peak current of more than 600A and a maximum range of 200km after 5 minutes of charging, which is matched by a 480KW high-voltage overcharge pile. According to Xiaopeng Automobile's plan, in the future, Xiaopeng supercharged piles will be arranged according to the car owner's trip to big data, in order to ensure the replenishment of travel in the city circle, and to set up an overcharging network in the highway service area and around the highway entrances and exits to meet the needs of long-distance travel.
In fact, many electric car companies have also issued technical plans for high-voltage fast charging. When Hong Kong shares listed in August, ideal Motors said it was focusing on developing pure electric vehicles (high-voltage pure electric vehicles) with super fast charging capability, and hoped to make charging faster, cheaper and easier to obtain under a high-power charging network. According to the plan, ideal is developing two high-voltage pure electric vehicle platforms, Whale and Shark, and plans to launch at least two high-voltage pure electric models each year from 2023.
For the ideal car, the fast charging ability affects the process of its pure electric products. "the ideal car will not launch an all-electric model until the 400KW fast-charging technology is mature." Li Xizeng, chairman of ideal Automobile, said that 400KW fast charging technology needs the support of three key technologies: a voltage platform of more than 800V, the national standard of 500Ah super fast charging and batteries with a charging rate above 4C.
From the perspective of the development of high-voltage fast charging technology, Porsche Taycan, the first mass-produced 800V high-voltage platform in the industry, has raised its maximum charging power to 350kW and can charge the power battery from 5% to 80% in 22.5 minutes. Since then, General Motors, Daimler, Hyundai and domestic Geely Krypton, BYD, BAIC Polar Fox, Dongfeng Lantu and other car companies have launched the layout of 800V high voltage platform.
In August this year, GAC Ean officially released the world's fastest charging super-double battery technology and the world's highest charging power A480 super-charging pile. The AION V Plus, which went on sale in September, became the first car under GAC's EA brand to be equipped with ultra-high-speed battery technology, which can support 6C (800V) and 3C charging speeds. Among them, the model with 6C super lightning fast charge can be charged into 207km in 5 minutes in the actual test, while the model with 3C super lightning fast charge can be charged into 114km in 5 minutes in the actual test.
GAC Ean said that the Super Quick charge 6C version has been announced by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (batch 348) on September 30 and is currently in the internal demonstration and promotion stage.
There are still some problems to be solved in the promotion of fast charging.
According to data released by the China charging Alliance, as of September this year, a total of 1.044 million public charging piles had been reported by its member units, including 428000 DC charging piles (fast charging), 616000 AC charging piles (slow charging) and 414 AC / DC integrated charging piles.
According to the White Paper on charging behavior of Chinese Electric vehicle users in 2021, the proportion of public DC fast charging piles is less than AC slow charging piles, but 99.3% of users prefer fast charging piles because of their charging speed. At the same time, the above report shows that from the power of new public piles built in the past three years, the annual compound growth rate of high-power charging piles with 120KW and above is very rapid. Among them, the average annual growth rate of overfilled piles with 180KW and above reached 142.2%.
"the fast charging mode is an important way to replenish energy." For the rise of fast filling and overcharging piles, Cui Dongshu, secretary general of the bus Association, said.
However, for the current car companies to pursue the 400KW, 800V high-voltage ultra-fast charging technology, there are still some technical problems to be improved.
"from the charging principle, the lithium-ion battery starts from the positive pole, goes through the diaphragm and electrolyte, and reaches the negative electrode, including three processes: stripping, migration and embedding. The more lithium ions migrated and embedded per unit time, the faster the charging speed. If lithium precipitation is caused, it will not only reduce the battery performance and shorten the cycle life, but also limit the fast charging capacity of the battery, and may cause catastrophic consequences such as combustion and explosion. " Liu Guanwei, chief strategy officer of Linkage Tianyi, explained this.
"Super fast charging is completely full, while the battery also needs to have safety and long life, which is very difficult to compromise." Ouyang Minggao analysis said, "15 minutes charging 80% is not impossible, but the battery itself needs to be improved, such as the use of electrode diaphragm integration technology, but this will bring trouble to battery recycling."
In addition, the construction cost and vehicle cost of DC quick filling pile are relatively high. "from the point of view of the construction cost, the DC pile is generally more than 10 times that of the AC pile." An industry personage said to this.
In response to the question raised by investors about the excessively high price of the Eian AION V Plus super quick charging version, GAC GROUP said that compared with the non-overcharged version, the super fast charging battery developed by the company needs to increase the development and verification of A480 super charging, high voltage electric drive, high voltage compressor and other high voltage system parts, as well as related mold fees, tooling costs, manpower input, production line construction, and other costs, in addition to battery development costs. All of them need to be apportioned to the product price as a cost, which is ultimately reflected in the price difference with other versions of AION V Plus.
In spite of this, Xiaopeng Automobile, which set the time for "making up for it" in 2023, has joined the tide of super fast charging technology without hesitation. "the pace and cost will be taken into account, as well as the cost of replacement as a result of technological changes." He Xiaopeng said that with the foreshadowing of the previous super fast charging technology, the replacement of technology will bring the possibility of more changes.
