Rare Earth Encyclopedia: what is rare Earth permanent Magnet material? Why is it so precious?

Rare earth is inseparable from rare earth permanent magnet materials. What is rare earth permanent magnet material? Let's popularize science today.

First of all, let's understand what is permanent magnet material.

It refers to the material that can keep constant magnetism once magnetized, and it is widely used in high technology. Anyone who has studied high school physics knows that magnetic energy produces electricity, commonly known as "electromagnetic induction" phenomenon, and the principle of modern generators comes from this. Permanent magnet materials can provide constant magnetism and provide constant energy basis for motor operation.

Why are rare earth permanent magnets so precious?

Rare earth permanent magnet, that is, permanent magnet material contains rare earth metal elements. At present, the well-known rare earth permanent magnetic materials are mainly rare earth cobalt permanent magnetic materials and NdFeB permanent magnetic materials.

Rare earth permanent magnet material is a kind of permanent magnet material with the highest comprehensive performance known at present. The magnetic energy product of cobalt permanent magnet material is 150 times that of carbon steel, 3 times that of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material and 8 times that of permanent magnet ferrite. NdFeB magnet has extremely high magnetic energy, which is known as the "king of permanent magnet". It is widely used in electronic, mechanical and other industries because of its excellent performance.

Due to the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials, it not only promotes the miniaturization of permanent magnet devices, improves the performance of products, but also promotes the emergence of some special devices, which has the effect of turning stone into gold.

What is the function of rare earth permanent magnet?

Rare earth permanent magnet materials have become important materials in electronic technology communications.

In the field of military science and technology, it can be used to build artificial satellites, radar, aeronautical instruments and so on.

In daily life, it is also ubiquitous, and has penetrated into cars, household appliances, electronic instruments, nuclear magnetic resonance imagers, audio equipment, micro special motors, mobile phones and so on.

In the medical field, the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials for "magnetic acupoint therapy" has greatly improved the curative effect, thus promoting the rapid promotion of "magnetic acupoint therapy".

In recent years, the most obvious application of rare earth permanent magnet is in the field of new energy, new energy vehicles, wind power generation, air conditioning, will be used in this material.

Rare Earth permanent Magnet drives the outbreak of rare Earth demand

According to agency estimates, by 2025, the demand for high-performance NdFeB by new energy vehicles will exceed 60,000 tons. On the other hand, due to the new energy efficiency standards, the permeability of NdFeB in the domestic household appliance industry continues to increase, and the annualized growth rate of magnetic materials for air conditioners is expected to exceed 60% from 2021 to 2022.

Due to the increasing demand for rare earth permanent magnets, the price of rare earth permanent magnet raw materials has gone up. According to magnetic materials network data, in early July, rare earth permanent magnet raw materials rose to varying degrees, of which praseodymium-neodymium oxide rose 5000 yuan, the average price reached 487500 yuan / ton; praseodymium-neodymium metal rose 15000 yuan, the average price reached 602500 yuan / ton.

To lengthen the time line, the price of rare earths has been on an upward trend since 2020. The price of praseodymium and neodymium metal has risen from about 350000 yuan / ton in January 2020 to a peak of about 750000 yuan / ton in March this year, doubling the price.

And this is just the beginning. The scientific and technological attributes of rare earths + resource attributes make the growth space of this industry close to infinite.