After the Indonesian government increased taxes and fees in the mining sector, mining companies warned of declining profits, which could lead to production cuts.
The Indonesian government announced last weekend that it would raise royalty rates for minerals such as nickel, coal, copper, and gold. Among them, nickel saw the largest increase, with rates rising from a fixed 10% to a range of 14% to 19%, depending on the market price of nickel.
Nickel is a crucial raw material for lithium-ion batteries and one of the essential green metals for achieving the global energy transition. It is also an important raw material for stainless steel production.
Indonesia is the world's largest nickel producer, currently accounting for over half of the global supply.
With the Indonesian authorities increasing mining taxes and fees, several mining giants, including Vale and Freeport-McMoRan, will be affected.
"This is an additional burden, especially during a period of low commodity prices," said Hendra Sinadia, executive director of the Indonesia Mining Association, commenting on the government's new policy.
Sinadia pointed out that operating costs would rise, and profits would be impacted. He added, "Some companies may have to reduce production or even close mines."
As a pillar of Indonesia's economy, commodities are a significant driver of economic growth. In particular, the nickel industry has seen rapid development in recent years, attracting record foreign investment.
However, Indonesian nickel producers are facing challenges due to persistently low nickel prices, caused by slowing global demand for electric vehicles and an oversupply of nickel in Indonesia.
In addition, nickel producers must also cope with rising costs from other recent regulations in Indonesia. According to mining companies, this year's cost increases have also been influenced by higher VAT rates and the requirement to use more biodiesel as fuel.
Since March this year, Indonesia has also required natural resource exporters to retain more overseas earnings in the country for at least one year to boost foreign exchange reserves and stabilize the rupiah's exchange rate, which is currently near historic lows.
The Indonesian Nickel Miners Association stated that raising taxes and fees amid falling nickel prices and escalating global trade wars is "extremely ill-timed."
In a statement, the association said, "Increasing royalties may weaken investor interest in the upstream and downstream nickel industries, reduce the competitiveness of Indonesian nickel products in the global market, compress profits, and lead to significant layoffs."
A senior nickel industry executive pointed out that miners without their own processing facilities will be the most affected. He said they might pass on higher costs to smelters, impacting the entire supply chain.
